Word · CEFR C2 · Frequency #6244
proportional
比例的, 相称的
核心释义
properly related in size, degree, or other measurable characteristics; usually followed by 'to'; having a constant ratio
- 1.
与...成常数比。两个量(数)成比例,如果一个量随另一个量算术上直接变化。符号:∝。
At a constant ratio (to). Two magnitudes (numbers) are said to be proportional if the second varies in a direct relation arithmetically to the first. Symbol: ∝.
- 2.
字体中,字符具有自然(不均匀)宽度(与等宽字体相对)
Of a typeface, having characters with natural (non-uniform) width (in contrast to monospace typefaces).
与...成常数比。两个量(数)成比例,如果一个量随另一个量算术上直接变化。符号:∝。；字体中,字符具有自然(不均匀)宽度(与等宽字体相对)；比例的；相称的
用法In use
The amount of sugar you add should be proportional to the amount of flour.
用法提示：此处'proportional'为形容词，表示'A与B成比例'，常用于说明两个量之间的关系。
In a well-designed experiment, the control group is proportional to the experimental group in size.
用法提示：此处'proportional'作形容词，表示'成比例的'，描述两个组的大小关系。
Her effort in the project was proportional to the reward she received.
用法提示：此处'proportional'为形容词，表示'相称的'，用于形容付出与回报之间的合理比例。
be proportional to
表示两者在大小、程度等方面成比例。
The punishment should be proportional to the crime.
惩罚应与罪行相称。
be directly proportional to
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- directly proportional
- 成正比的
- The number of hours worked is directly proportional to the output.工作小时数与产出成正比。
- inversely proportional
- 成反比的
- Pressure and volume are inversely proportional in a gas.气体的压强和体积成反比。
- proportional to
- 与…成比例
- The punishment should be proportional to the crime.惩罚应与罪行相称。
- proportional representation
- 比例代表制
- Many countries use proportional representation in their elections.许多国家在选举中采用比例代表制。
- proportional tax
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
联想：pro（支持）+portion（部分）+al（的）→ 支持各部分按比例分配，即'比例的、相称的'。
语境与语域Context & Register
通常用于数学和科学领域，表示比例关系；也可用于日常比较，语域中性。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
All words share the common spelling pattern '-tional' and end with the sound /ʃənl/ or /ʃənəl/, but they do not rhyme with 'proportional' because the stressed vowel in 'proportional' is /ɒː/ while the stressed vowels in these words differ (e.g., /æ/, /eɪ/, /ɪ/, /əʊ/).
用法优先级Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 1，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, OCTANOVE, WIKTIONARY.