refractory + noun
常用于医学,表示对治疗反应差。
refractory disease
难治性疾病
倔强的;不服管束的;顽固的
先理解核心含义,再看它在真实句子里的用法。
倔强的;不服管束的;顽固的
Stubbornly resisting control or authority; refusing to obey or be persuaded.
refractory disease
难治性疾病
顽固不驯的;强烈反对某事的
Obstinate and unruly; strongly opposed to something.
不受高温影响的
Not affected by great heat.
对治疗有抵抗力的;对治疗反应不佳的
Resistant to treatment; not responding adequately to therapy.
无法产生反应或刺激的
Incapable of registering a reaction or stimulus.
The refractory child refused to follow any instructions.
这个执拗的孩子拒绝听从任何指令。
The patient's cancer was refractory to standard treatments.
这位病人的癌症对标准治疗无效。
After the first ejaculation, a male enters a refractory period.
第一次射精后,男性进入不应期。
常用于医学,表示对治疗反应差。
refractory disease
难治性疾病
表示对某种治疗或影响有抵抗力。
The condition is refractory to standard therapy.
这种病症对标准疗法无效。
指耐高温、耐腐蚀的材料。
Refractory bricks are used in furnaces.
耐火砖用于熔炉。
Not this
The refractive child refused to follow instructions.
Use this
The refractory child refused to follow instructions.
误将'refractory'拼写为'refractive',后者意为'折射的',而'refractory'意为'倔强的',两者拼写相近但含义不同。
Not this
He is a refractory.
Use this
He is a refractory patient.
将形容词'refractory'误用作名词,英语中'refractory'作形容词,不能单独作名词,需后接名词如'patient'表示'难治的病人'。
Focus on the distinctions below. Other candidates are kept compact until a reliable usage note is available.
耐火材料
The furnace is lined with refractory material to protect the outer shell.
熔炉内衬有耐火材料以保护外壳。
耐火砖
These refractory bricks can withstand temperatures above 1500°C.
这些耐火砖能承受1500°C以上的温度。
不应期
After a nerve fires, there is a brief refractory period before it can fire again.
神经放电后,会有一个短暂的不应期才能再次放电。
难治性癫痫
The patient was diagnosed with refractory epilepsy that did not respond to two medications.
该患者被诊断为难治性癫痫,对两种药物治疗均无反应。
顽固性高血压
Refractory hypertension often requires multiple drug combinations.
顽固性高血压往往需要多种药物联合治疗。
倔强的孩子
The teacher found the refractory child difficult to manage.
老师觉得那个倔强的孩子很难管教。
Use refractory naturally, then get feedback on meaning, tone, grammar, and phrasing.
Revisit a common error or keep this word in your review list.
耐火砖 refractory:火烤不化、劝说不听、治疗无效,全是一股'不屈服'的劲儿。
语域:formal 常见场景:医学:描述对治疗无反应或难治的疾病、材料学:描述耐高温、耐火的材料、正式或文学写作:形容倔强、不服从管束的人 refractory 通常属于正式或书面语,比较常见于医学(难治的)、材料学(耐高温的)和修辞性正式语境(倔强的);日常口语中较少使用,表达“倔强”更常说 stubborn,表达“治疗无效”可说 resistant 或 not responding to treatment。
形容词,无特殊补足结构
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.