Word · Frequency #12890
congenital
先天性的；天生的
核心释义
present since birth, of a trait or disease
- 1.
(指特征或疾病)出生时即存在的；先天的
Of a trait or a disease, present since birth.
(指特征或疾病)出生时即存在的；先天的；天生的；先天的；[医] 先天的
用法In use
The doctor explained that the child’s condition was congenital, not caused by an accident.
用法提示：此处congenital作表语，表示疾病或特征从出生时就存在。
Many congenital illnesses can now be detected before a baby is born.
用法提示：congenital作定语修饰illnesses，强调疾病是天生就有的。
He has a congenital defect in his eyesight, but it has never stopped him from traveling.
用法提示：congenital作定语修饰defect，说明该缺陷是出生时就有的。
congenital + noun
作定语时，congenital 通常放在名词前，常见搭配有 congenital defect、congenital disease 等。
He was born with a congenital heart defect.
他出生时就患有先天性心脏缺陷。
be congenital
作表语时，说明某种特征或疾病从出生时就存在。
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- congenital heart disease
- 先天性心脏病
- The baby was diagnosed with congenital heart disease at birth.这个婴儿出生时被诊断患有先天性心脏病。
- congenital defect
- 先天缺陷
- The doctor explained that the condition was a congenital defect, not something caused by the injury.医生解释说，这种状况是先天缺陷，不是由受伤引起的。
- congenital disorder
- 先天性疾病
- Sickle cell anemia is a congenital disorder that affects the blood.镰状细胞贫血是一种影响血液的先天性疾病。
- congenital anomaly
- 先天异常
- Ultrasound can sometimes detect a congenital anomaly before birth.超声波有时能在出生前检测到先天异常。
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
congenital 中含 gen（基因），基因带来的特征出生时就存在——先天性的。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：Medicine、Genetics “congenital”属于正式且偏专业的用词，多用于医学或生物学语境，表示出生时就有的特征或疾病。日常口语中较少使用，更常见的表达是“from birth”或“born with”。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
Only genital rhymes with congenital (/ˈdʒɛnɪtəl/). Capital, hospital, and vital share the -ital spelling but are pronounced /ˈkæpɪtəl/, /ˈhɒspɪtəl/, /ˈvaɪtəl/; mental has -tal and is pronounced /ˈmɛntəl/ — none of these rhyme.
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.