Word · Frequency #11826
aback
突然；猝不及防
核心释义
常用于被动结构，表示惊讶
by surprise; suddenly
- 1.
感到惊讶；目瞪口呆
By surprise; startled; dumbfounded. (see usage)
- 2.
逆风压帆；指帆被风从“错误的”(前方)方向吹动,或船帆处于这种状态
Backward against the mast; said of the sails when pressed by the wind from the "wrong" (forward) side, or of a ship when its sails are set that way.
顶风地；（帆）迎风压向前侧地；感到惊讶；目瞪口呆；逆风压帆；指帆被风从“错误的”(前方)方向吹动,或船帆处于这种状态；向后；朝后
用法In use
His sudden resignation took everyone aback.
用法提示：本句用 take sb. aback 固定搭配，aback 作副词，表示“突然、吃惊地”。
She was taken aback by the angry tone of his voice.
用法提示：这里用被动结构 be taken aback，aback 仍为副词，表示“吃惊地”。
He looked taken aback for a moment, then smiled.
用法提示：句中 taken aback 作表语，aback 修饰动作，表示“惊讶的”。
be taken aback (by sth)
常用被动语态，表示“大吃一惊；感到意外”。
She was taken aback by his rude remark.
她被他粗鲁的话吓了一跳。
take sb aback
主语通常是令人意外的事件、消息等，指“使某人吃惊”。
The sudden change in weather took us all aback.
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- be taken aback
- 感到惊讶；大吃一惊
- I was taken aback at the news.我对这个消息感到惊讶。
- taken aback by
- 对……感到惊讶
- She was taken aback by his harsh words.她对他严厉的话语感到惊讶。
- slightly taken aback
- 有点惊讶
- He seemed slightly taken aback when I declined the offer.我拒绝这个提议时，他似乎有点惊讶。
- visibly taken aback
- 明显吃了一惊
- The manager was visibly taken aback by the criticism.经理面对批评明显吃了一惊。
习语与比喻表达
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
a + back = 背后受袭，人本能地“往后一退”，于是“猝不及防”。想象身后突然一声响，你吓得倒退——aback 就是那种“朝后、发愣”的惊讶感。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域：mixed 常见场景：书面叙述/新闻报道、航海/船舶作业 aback 作副词时主要有两类用法：一是常见于固定搭配 take sb aback（令人吃惊/意外），多用于书面叙述或新闻报道；二是航海术语，表示“顶风地”，仅用于专业语境。日常口语中较少单独使用。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
These words all rhyme with 'aback' /əˈbæk/: back, black, crack, lack, pack, track all end in /-æk/, so the stressed vowel and following consonant match. Be careful with lookalikes: 'ache' /eɪk/ and 'acorn' /ˈeɪkɔːrn/ have a different vowel sound, and 'abacus' /ˈæbəkəs/ does not rhyme, so do not rely on spelling alone.
用法优先级Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 1，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.