Word · CEFR C2 · Frequency #22105
ruminated
沉思；反复思考；仔细思考
ruminated is the past of ruminate.
To think about something carefully and deeply; to meditate or ponder.
表示此义时常接 on、over 或 about。
- 1.
To chew cud. (Said of ruminants.) Involves regurgitating partially digested food from the rumen.
- 2.
To meditate or reflect.
- 3.
To meditate or ponder over; to muse on.
反刍；沉思
In use
After the argument, she sat alone and ruminated on what had been said.
Cows ruminate by chewing their cud slowly and thoroughly.
He spent the whole weekend ruminating about his career choices.
ruminate on/over sth
on 和 over 都可引出思考的对象，后接名词或代词。
She sat quietly, ruminating on the meaning of his words.
她静静地坐着，反复思考他那些话的含义。
ruminate (no object)
该义为“反刍”，是不及物用法，主语通常是牛、羊等反刍动物；用于人且不带宾语时，也可表示“沉思”。
The cows were ruminating in the meadow.
牛群在草地上反刍。
Verb forms
base ruminate · third person ruminates · -ing ruminating · past ruminated · past participle ruminated
规则变化动词
Common mistakes
Connections
Collocations
- cattle ruminate
- （牛等）反刍
- Cattle ruminate in the fields in the late afternoon.傍晚时分，牛群会在田野里反刍。
- ruminate on
- 认真思考；沉思
- He ruminated on the professor's question during the break.休息期间，他认真思考教授的问题。
- ruminate over
- 反复琢磨；深思
- She kept ruminating over the criticism she received.她反复琢磨着自己受到的批评。
Synonyms
- ponder
- 反复琢磨；仔细考虑 · 常用词，中性语气；可接 about/on/over，或直接接名词或从句。
- contemplate
- 认真考虑（可能做的事） · 强调带有意图地思量某种选择或行动，通常接名词或动名词，较少接 that 从句。
Learner notes
Memory Tip
牛在反刍时反复咀嚼，人反复思考问题也借用ruminate，记住“反复嚼=反复想”。
Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：academic writing、literary prose、formal discussion ‘ruminate’ 表示“沉思、反复思考”时是正式用语，多用于书面语或较严肃的场合；日常口语中较少使用，更常说 think about 或 mull over。另在生物学语境中可指动物“反刍”，也属专业正式表达。
Pronunciation & Spelling
与 ruminate 真正押韵的词：illuminate（重读元音同为 /uː/，后接 /mɪneɪt/）。拼写相似的词中，fascinate 与 culminate 虽含 -inate/-minate，但重读元音分别是 /æ/、/ʌ/，发音不同；fortunate、passionate 虽以 -ate 结尾，却读 /ət/，也不押韵。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, OCTANOVE, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.