1
retard + noun phrase
及物动词，后接受影响的宾语。
Cold weather retards the growth of plants.
寒冷天气减缓植物的生长。
阻碍；妨碍；延误
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
阻碍；妨碍；延误
to delay or hinder the progress or development of something; to be delayed
Cold weather retards the growth of plants.
寒冷天气减缓植物的生长。
持续拖延；阻碍进展
To keep delaying; to continue to hinder; to prevent from progressing.
推迟；延迟。
To put off; to postpone.
使移动更慢或以较慢速度运作
cause to move more slowly or operate at a slower rate
减速；放慢。
To decelerate; to slow down.
retard
Base
原形
retards
3rd person
第三人称单数
retarding
-ing
现在分词
retarded
Past
过去式
retarded
Past participle
过去分词
This substance retards the growth of bacteria.
这种物质延缓细菌的生长。
The bad weather retarded our progress.
恶劣天气阻碍了我们的进展。
The medication is retarding the disease progression.
药物正在延缓疾病进展。
常用于正式或科技语境
The cold weather retards the growth of the plants.
寒冷的天气减缓了植物的生长。
AI contextual example
The road construction retarded traffic for hours.
道路施工使交通延误了数小时。
AI contextual example
Hardening of the arteries retards the flow of blood to the heart.
动脉硬化减缓了流向心脏的血液。
AI contextual example
This drug will retard your heart rate
这种药物会减慢你的心率
WordNet
及物动词，后接受影响的宾语。
Cold weather retards the growth of plants.
寒冷天气减缓植物的生长。
常用被动语态表示‘受到阻碍或延迟’。
The project was retarded by lack of funds.
项目因资金短缺而被推迟。
Not this
The growth retards because of lack of nutrients.
Use this
The growth is retarded because of lack of nutrients.
retard 是及物动词，必须带宾语或使用被动语态。句中 "retards" 缺少宾语，应改为被动形式 "is retarded"。
Not this
The project retarded by the committee.
Use this
The project was retarded by the committee.
被动语态中需要 be 动词。"retarded" 是过去分词，不能单独作谓语，应加上 "was" 构成完整被动结构。
Focus on the distinctions below. Other candidates are kept compact until a reliable usage note is available.
阻碍生长；延缓生长
Lack of sleep can retard growth in children.
睡眠不足会阻碍儿童生长。
阻碍发展；延缓发育
Malnutrition retards physical development in infants.
营养不良会延缓婴儿的身体发育。
阻碍进展；拖延进度
The storm retarded progress on the bridge.
暴风雨阻碍了桥梁施工的进展。
延缓衰老过程
Antioxidants may help retard the aging process.
抗氧化剂可能有助于延缓衰老过程。
推迟…的发作；延缓…的出现
Early treatment can retard the onset of complications.
早期治疗可以延缓并发症的出现。
减缓…的传播；阻止…蔓延
The vaccine retards the spread of the disease.
这种疫苗可以减缓疾病的传播。
Use retard naturally, then get feedback on meaning, tone, grammar, and phrasing.
Revisit a common error or keep this word in your review list.
记忆联想：re(再)＋tard 联想为“慢”，速度一再放慢，进展就被阻碍、被推迟。
语域：formal 常见场景：学术写作、科技报告、医学文献 retard作动词表示“阻碍、减缓”，通常用于正式或书面语，多出现在学术、科技或医学等专业语境；口语中较少使用。注意同形的名词形式有冒犯性含义，使用时需谨慎。
The verb retard (/rɪˈtɑrd/) rhymes with card, hard, yard, guard, and regard (/rɪˈɡɑrd/), all containing the sound /ɑrd/. Note that reward (/rɪˈwɔrd/) looks similar but has /ɔrd/, not /ɑrd/.
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.