Word · Frequency #23144
backwardness
智力落后；精神发育迟缓
核心释义
lack of normal development of intellectual capacities
- 1.
落后状态。
The state of being backward.
- 2.
不情愿；勉强。
Reluctance.
落后状态。；不情愿；勉强。；(无比较级)向后；相反；倒
用法In use
The school provides special support for students whose backwardness makes it hard for them to keep up with their peers.
用法提示：抽象名词，指智力发展落后的状态。
Doctors explained that his backwardness in learning was not caused by neglect but by a developmental condition.
用法提示：名词，表示智力发展迟缓这一具体状况。
Early testing can identify intellectual backwardness so that children receive help before they fall too far behind.
用法提示：名词短语中的中心词，指智力发展不全的状态。
backwardness in + noun/gerund
此义项常指智力或发育迟缓，后接 in 表示在某方面。
Early tests revealed backwardness in her reading skills.
早期测试显示她在阅读能力方面发育迟缓。
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- intellectual backwardness
- 智力落后
- Intellectual backwardness can be caused by a variety of genetic and environmental factors.智力落后可能由多种遗传和环境因素造成。
- severe backwardness
- 重度智力落后
- Children with severe backwardness often require lifelong care.重度智力落后的儿童通常需要终身照料。
- educational backwardness
- 学业落后
- The charity aims to help children with educational backwardness catch up in school.该慈善机构旨在帮助学业落后的儿童在学校赶上进度。
- reading backwardness
- 阅读落后
- The study focuses on the early identification of reading backwardness.该研究聚焦于阅读落后的早期识别。
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
backwardness 由 backward（向后）+ -ness 组成：总在朝后看，前进不了，就成了落后。想象一个学生总回头，进度自然落后。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：医学评估、心理学报告、正式文书 该词多用于正式或医学/心理学语境，表示智力发育迟缓；日常交流中比较少见，且可能显得过时或不礼貌。
语法说明Grammar Note
通常视为不可数名词，表示‘落后/迟缓’；复数形式较少见，指不同类别的落后状态。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
以下采用美式读音。这些词均以 -wardness 结尾，词尾 /wɚdnəs/ 读音相同，但重音元音不同（backwardness 为 /æ/，awkwardness 为 /ɔː/，forwardness 为 /ɔːr/，waywardness 为 /eɪ/，inwardness 为 /ɪ/），因此它们与 backwardness 并非严格意义上的押韵，而是拼写和词尾发音相近的形似词。
一起学习词形Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.