surrogate + noun
surrogate 置于名词前，表示‘替代的、代养的’，如 surrogate mother（代孕母亲）、surrogate father（代养父亲）。
They hired a surrogate mother to carry their child.
他们雇了一位代孕母亲来怀他们的孩子。
代养的；充当父母的；关于或作为替代的；提供或接受养育或父母关爱但无血缘或法律关系
acting as a substitute
关于或作为替代的
Of, concerning, relating to or acting as a substitute.
提供或接受养育或父母关爱但无血缘或法律关系
providing or receiving nurture or parental care though not related by blood or legal ties
The charity uses surrogate families to help orphaned children feel at home.
该慈善机构利用寄养家庭帮助孤儿感受到家的温暖。
用法提示：surrogate 在此作形容词，表示“代养的、充当父母的”。
AI contextual example
The scientist used a surrogate model to simulate the experiment before running it.
科学家在运行实验之前使用替代模型进行模拟。
用法提示：surrogate 作形容词，表示“替代的、代用的”。
AI contextual example
During the meeting, he served as a surrogate speaker for the absent manager.
会议期间，他代替缺席的经理担任发言人。
用法提示：surrogate 作形容词，表示“代替的、代理的”。
AI contextual example
surrogate 置于名词前，表示‘替代的、代养的’，如 surrogate mother（代孕母亲）、surrogate father（代养父亲）。
They hired a surrogate mother to carry their child.
他们雇了一位代孕母亲来怀他们的孩子。
to 引出得到替代照顾或关爱的人。
The young teacher became a surrogate mother to the orphaned students.
这位年轻老师成了那些孤儿的代养母亲。
act as 后接 surrogate 加名词，表示担任替代角色；也可用 serve as。
He acted as a surrogate father to the boy after his dad left.
父亲离开后，他充当了男孩的代养父亲。
grammar · medium
易错句子She became surrogate mother for the couple last year.
正确表达She became a surrogate mother for the couple last year.
surrogate 是形容词，修饰单数可数名词 mother 时，整个名词短语前必须加不定冠词 a；汉语没有冠词这一词类，学习者最容易在这里漏掉。become 后接单数可数名词时同样要用 a surrogate mother。
grammar · medium
易错句子Could you surrogate for me at the meeting tomorrow?
正确表达Could you substitute for me at the meeting tomorrow?
汉语的“代替、代理”是动词，直译过来就成了 surrogate，但 surrogate 在英语中只作形容词（如 surrogate mother），不能直接当动词用。表示“代替某人”要用动词 substitute，固定搭配为 substitute for sb。
grammar · medium
易错句子After his father remarried, his surrogate mother raised him.
正确表达After his father remarried, his stepmother raised him.
此处指父亲再婚后的妻子，她与孩子之间存在婚姻和法律关系，英语用 stepmother（继母）。surrogate mother 指代孕或代养、与孩子没有血缘和法律关系的女性，与本句情境不符，因此不能说 surrogate mother。汉语“继母”和“代母”都含“母”字，容易混淆。
代孕母亲；代理母亲
They hired a surrogate mother to carry their child.
他们雇用了一位代孕母亲来孕育他们的孩子。
代理家长；代养父母
Her aunt became a surrogate parent after her parents passed away.
父母去世后，她的姑姑成了她的代理家长。
替代家庭；代养家庭
The shelter gives abandoned children a surrogate family.
这家收容所为被遗弃的孩子们提供了一个替代家庭。
代理决策人
The patient's surrogate decision-maker signed the consent form.
病人的代理决策人签署了同意书。
surreptitious（秘密的），substitute（替代），submerge（淹没）
interrogate（审问），arrogant（傲慢的），abrogate（废除）
moderate（适度的），considerate（体贴的），fortunate（幸运的）
常指临时填补空缺的人或职位，与surrogate表示“替代”的语义相关。
指暂时生效、后续再正式确定的安排，和surrogate“暂代”的含义相近。
涉及非血缘关系的养育，对应surrogate“提供养育但无血缘或法律联系”的意思。
指通过法律程序形成的亲子关系，是surrogate所指的非生物学亲职关系的一种。
承担养育或照护角色的人，突出surrogate“提供养育关爱”的那层含义。
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