Word · Frequency #21014
penalized
处罚;惩罚
penalized is the past of penalize.
核心释义
to punish someone for breaking a rule or law
- 1.
使受处罚,尤指因违反规则或规定。
To subject to a penalty, especially for the infringement of a rule or regulation.
- 2.
给......设障碍;使不利。
To impose a handicap on.
使不利;使处于劣势;使受处罚,尤指因违反规则或规定。;给......设障碍;使不利。;处刑;对...处罚(刑)
用法In use
The referee will penalize any player who breaks the rules.
用法提示:这里"penalize"用作动词原形,表示对违规行为施加处罚。
The company penalized him for repeatedly arriving late.
用法提示:"penalized"是过去式,描述已经发生的处罚行为。
The new policy is penalizing small businesses unfairly.
用法提示:"penalizing"是现在分词,表示正在进行的处罚动作。
penalize sb for sth
penalize 常与 for 连用,说明处罚的原因;此处为主动语态。
The referee penalized the player for a deliberate handball.
裁判因球员故意手球而对其进行处罚。
be penalized for (doing) sth
被动语态 be penalized 在正式文体中很常见,原因仍用 for 引出。
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- penalize someone for something
- 因某事处罚某人
- The company was penalized for violating safety rules.该公司因违反安全规定受到处罚。
- heavily penalize
- 重罚;严厉处罚
- Drivers who exceed the speed limit are heavily penalized.超速行驶的司机受到严厉处罚。
- penalize a player
- 处罚球员;判罚球员
- The referee penalized the player for a handball.裁判因手球而判罚了该球员。
- penalize small businesses
- 使小企业处于不利地位
- The new tax law unfairly penalizes small businesses.新税法不公平地使小企业处于不利地位。
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
记:penalty(惩罚)去掉ty加ize就是penalize,意为“处罚;使不利”,像给违规者开罚单。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域:neutral 常见场景:sports competitions、legal and regulatory contexts、school and academic settings penalize 属于中性偏正式用词,通常用于规则、法律、体育竞赛等正式场合,日常口语中较少见;表示“使不利”时也常见于书面语。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
与 penalize /ˈpiːnəlaɪz/ 完全押韵的常用词很少。以 -ize 结尾的词(如 finalize /ˈfaɪnəlaɪz/, organize /ˈɔːrɡənaɪz/)都以 /aɪz/ 结尾,但重音元音不同,所以并不完全押韵。注意拼写相似的 penalty /ˈpɛnəlti/ 和 realize /ˈriːəlaɪz/ 发音不同;penal /ˈpiːnəl/ 只共享首音节。
用法优先级Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 1,建议结合例句记忆,而不是只背中文释义。
一起学习词形Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.