1
the externality of sth to sth
The externality of the garage to the house is inconvenient.
车库位于房屋之外,这很不方便。
外在性；外部性
externalities — plural of externality
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
外在性；外部性
the quality or state of being outside, directed toward the outside, or relating to the exterior
The externality of the garage to the house is inconvenient.
车库位于房屋之外,这很不方便。
外在性；外部状态
The state of being external or externalized.
外部事物
A thing that is external relative to something else.
对未参与交易方产生的影响
An impact, positive or negative, on any party not involved in a given economic transaction or act.
The externality of the noise was obvious, because it came from the street outside our apartment.
噪音的外在性显而易见，因为它来自我们公寓外的街道。
We discussed the externality of the problem, which arose from outside the company.
我们讨论了这一问题的外在性，它来自公司外部。
We were surprised by the externality of the decision, since it was made by someone we had never met.
我们因这一决定的外在性而感到惊讶，因为它是由一个我们素未谋面的人做出的。
The externality of the garage to the house is inconvenient.
车库位于房屋之外,这很不方便。
Not this
The externality factors should be considered.
Use this
The external factors should be considered.
externality是名词，不能作定语修饰名词；表示“外部的”应使用形容词external。这是词性混淆，受中文“外部”影响。
Not this
There are many externality associated with this policy.
Use this
There are many externalities associated with this policy.
externality是可数名词，复数形式为externalities；当前面有many时，必须用复数。这是名词单复数错误。
Focus on the distinctions below. Other candidates are kept compact until a reliable usage note is available.
负面外部性
Pollution is a classic example of a negative externality.
污染是负面外部性的典型例子。
正面外部性
Education creates a positive externality for society.
教育为社会创造了正面外部性。
生产外部性
The factory's smoke is a production externality affecting nearby residents.
工厂的烟雾是影响附近居民的生产外部性。
消费外部性
Secondhand smoke is a consumption externality of smoking.
二手烟是吸烟的一种消费外部性。
使外部性内部化
A carbon tax helps internalize the externality of greenhouse gas emissions.
碳税有助于使温室气体排放的外部性内部化。
外部性产生
Externalities arise when one person's actions affect others.
当一个人的行为影响他人时，外部性便产生了。
Use externalities naturally, then get feedback on meaning, tone, grammar, and phrasing.
Revisit a common error or keep this word in your review list.
外部的(external)加上名词后缀-ity，就是“外在性”；经济学里的外部性如污染成本外溢给他人。
语域：formal 常见场景：学术论文、哲学讨论 该词多用于正式或学术语境，表示“外在性”，即属于外部或与外部有关的性质或状态；日常口语中较少出现。
以上单词的重读元音和后续发音都与 externality 的 /ˈnæləti/ 押韵。注意拼写相似的 external /ɪkˈstɜːnəl/ 和 eternity /ɪˈtɜːnəti/ 读音不同，并不押韵。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.