1
encumber + noun
及物动词，直接后接被妨碍的对象。
The heavy backpack encumbered her movements.
沉重的背包妨碍了她的动作。
使负重担；拖累
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
使负重担；拖累
To weigh down or burden someone or something.
The heavy backpack encumbered her movements.
沉重的背包妨碍了她的动作。
用重担加载某物。
To load down something with a burden.
用障碍物限制或阻挡某物。
To restrict or block something with a hindrance or impediment.
以法律主张或其他义务使负担。
To burden with a legal claim or other obligation.
encumber
Base
原形
encumbers
3rd person
第三人称单数
encumbering
-ing
现在分词
encumbered
Past
过去式
encumbered
Past participle
过去分词
The heavy coat encumbers his movements.
厚外套妨碍了他的行动。
The debt encumbered the company for years.
债务拖累了公司多年。
All this paperwork is encumbering our progress.
这些文书工作正在阻碍我们的进展。
规则动词
The heavy debt encumbers the company's growth.
沉重的债务拖累了公司的发展。
Carrying too many bags encumbered her movement.
携带太多袋子阻碍了她的行动。
The hall was encumbered with old furniture.
大厅被旧家具塞满了。
及物动词，直接后接被妨碍的对象。
The heavy backpack encumbered her movements.
沉重的背包妨碍了她的动作。
用with引出造成妨碍的事物。
He encumbered his team with unnecessary paperwork.
他用不必要的文书工作拖累了团队。
被动结构，by后接阻碍的来源。
The project was encumbered by outdated regulations.
这个项目受到过时法规的阻碍。
Not this
The heavy workload is an encumber.
Use this
The heavy workload is an encumbrance.
encumber 是动词，名词形式为 encumbrance，不能直接用作名词。
Not this
He encumbered with debts.
Use this
He was encumbered with debts.
被动语态需要 be 动词（was），encumbered 是过去分词，不能单独作谓语。
Focus on the distinctions below. Other candidates are kept compact until a reliable usage note is available.
负债累累；为债务所累
Many young families are encumbered with debt from student loans.
许多年轻家庭因学生贷款而负债累累。
被沉重的行李拖累
The travelers, encumbered by heavy luggage, moved slowly through the station.
旅客们被沉重的行李拖累，在车站里缓慢前行。
阻碍进展
Red tape can encumber the progress of important projects.
繁文缛节会阻碍重要项目的进展。
用抵押贷款使房产承担债务
The owner decided to encumber the property with a mortgage to raise funds.
业主决定用房产抵押贷款来筹集资金。
肩负重担；被责任所累
As the eldest son, he was encumbered with family responsibilities at a young age.
作为长子，他小小年纪就肩负着家庭责任。
受…拖累；被…所累
The project was encumbered with unnecessary paperwork.
这个项目被不必要的文书工作所拖累。
受到…阻碍；被…妨碍
The rescue effort was encumbered by heavy rain.
救援工作因大雨而受阻。
Use encumber naturally, then get feedback on meaning, tone, grammar, and phrasing.
Revisit a common error or keep this word in your review list.
记忆联想：把 encumber 拆成 en(使)+cumber(妨碍)，想象路上堆满障碍物，使你负重难行、备受拖累。
语域：formal 常见场景：法律文书、正式书面表达 该词多用于正式场合，比较常见于法律或书面语中，日常口语中较少使用。
常用于被动结构
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, OCTANOVE, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.