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do without
这里的 without 是副词，后面不接宾语，表示因为没有某物而只好接受缺失。
There is no sugar, so we will have to do without.
没有糖了，所以我们只好不用它。
缺乏；没有
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
缺乏；没有
lacking something; failing
There is no sugar, so we will have to do without.
没有糖了，所以我们只好不用它。
缺乏某物；没有。
Lacking something; failing.
I can't afford a new phone, so I'll have to do without.
我买不起新手机，所以只能不买了。
If there is no coffee, we'll just have to go without.
如果没有咖啡，我们就只好不喝了。
Many families went without during the hard winter.
那个艰难的冬天里，许多家庭缺少生活必需品。
这里的 without 是副词，后面不接宾语，表示因为没有某物而只好接受缺失。
There is no sugar, so we will have to do without.
没有糖了，所以我们只好不用它。
go without 指在缺少某物（尤其是生活必需品）的情况下坚持下去，后面不带宾语。
If they don't give us any water, we will go without.
如果他们不给我们水，我们就只能忍着不喝。
manage without 表示没有某物也能应付过来，without 作副词使用。
Don't worry about the missing tool; I can manage without.
别担心少了工具，没有它我也能应付。
Not this
He left without to say goodbye.
Use this
He left without saying goodbye.
介词 without 后接动词时不能用不定式（to do），而要用动名词（-ing）。中文的“没有说”容易让学习者误加 to，但英语中介词后只能用 -ing 形式。
Not this
You can't pass the exam without you study.
Use this
You can't pass the exam without studying.
without 是介词，不能像连词那样引导一个完整的句子（主语+谓语）。要表示“如果不学习”，应把动词改为动名词“studying”，或改用连词 unless（You can't pass the exam unless you study.）。
Focus on the distinctions below. Other candidates are kept compact until a reliable usage note is available.
没有（某物）也行；将就
We've run out of milk, so we'll have to do without.
我们的牛奶喝完了，所以只能将就一下了。
没有（所需之物）硬扛；挨过去
If the refugees get no aid, they will go without.
如果难民得不到援助，他们就只能硬扛了。
没有（某物）也能应付
It's costly to buy a car, so we'll manage without.
买车太贵，所以我们没有车也能应付。
必定；总是
He calls his mother every Sunday without fail.
他每个星期天必定给母亲打电话。
毫无疑问地
This is without a doubt the best meal I have ever had.
这无疑是我吃过的最好的一顿饭。
顺利无阻地
The wedding went off without a hitch.
婚礼进行得非常顺利。
没有音乐，生活将是一个错误。
Whenever I am feeling low, I remember Nietzsche's words: 'Without music, life would be a mistake.'
每当我感到低落时，我就会想起尼采的话：‘没有音乐，生活将是一个错误。’
一个没有书籍的房间就像一具没有灵魂的躯体。
She always says, 'A room without books is like a body without a soul,' so her study is filled with bookshelves.
她总是说：‘一个没有书籍的房间就像一具没有灵魂的躯体。’所以她的书房里摆满了书架。
Use without naturally, then get feedback on meaning, tone, grammar, and phrasing.
Revisit a common error or keep this word in your review list.
拆成 with + out：东西被带出去了，手里空空，就是“没有、缺乏”。
语域：neutral 常见场景：日常对话、一般书面语 该义项表示“没有、缺乏”，通常用于日常对话和一般书面语，比较常见于 do without、go without 等搭配。
All listed words rhyme with the final stressed sound /aʊt/ of 'without'; note that 'within' (/wɪˈðɪn/) looks similar but sounds different.
Dictionary facts from AI_FALLBACK, DICTIONARY_API_DEV, ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.