ruffle something
She ruffled his hair playfully.
她调皮地弄乱了他的头发。
弄乱；搅乱；给…镶褶边；使起皱褶；变得汹涌；变得狂暴；变得凌乱；飘动；（鸟）竖起（羽毛）
to disturb; to cause to flutter
使起皱褶；使布边卷曲或开槽。
To make a ruffle in; to curl or flute, as an edge of fabric.
打扰；尤指使飘动。
To disturb; especially, to cause to flutter.
变得粗糙、狂暴或动荡。
To grow rough, boisterous, or turbulent.
变得混乱；松散地摆动；飘动。
To become disordered; to play loosely; to flutter.
变粗糙；受震动；争执；引申为摆架子；趾高气扬。
To be rough; to jar; to be in contention; hence, to put on airs; to swagger.
使成皱领；收拢成褶皱、褶襞或褶痕；使起皱。
To make into a ruff; to draw or contract into puckers, plaits, or folds; to wrinkle.
使(羽毛)竖立成颈毛状。
To erect in a ruff, as feathers.
用轻擂方式敲击(如鼓)。
To beat with the ruff or ruffle, as a drum.
杂乱地堆在一起。
To throw together in a disorderly manner.
一般现在时
He ruffles his feathers when he is nervous.
他紧张时会弄乱羽毛。
一般过去时
She ruffled her hair after the windy walk.
她在风大的散步后把头发拨乱了。
现在完成时
The politician has ruffled some feathers with his comments.
这位政治家的评论已经触怒了一些人。
常用作及物动词，表示弄乱或激怒。
A gentle breeze ruffled the calm surface of the lake.
一阵微风扰乱了湖面平静的水面。
用法提示：动词过去式，意为“弄皱、扰乱”
His rude comment always ruffles her feathers.
他那粗鲁的评论总是惹恼她。
用法提示：动词第三人称单数，意为“触怒”
She was ruffling the pages of the book nervously.
她紧张地翻动着书页。
用法提示：动词现在分词，意为“弄皱、翻动”
She ruffled his hair playfully.
她调皮地弄乱了他的头发。
这个习语比喻激怒或惹恼某人，常用被动形式。
His blunt remarks ruffled her feathers.
他直言不讳的话触怒了她。
指快速翻牌洗牌，常用于牌类游戏。
He ruffled through the deck of cards.
他洗了一副牌。
比 ruffle 语气强，常指较明显的情绪低落或困扰；口语和书面语都常用。
强调因忙乱或意外而手足无措；不如 ruffle 正式。
较正式，常用于心理或政治语境；语气比 ruffle 重。
较正式，侧重破坏镇定或使人尴尬；口语较少用。
非正式，常指因惊吓或压力而慌乱；与 ruffle 相比更口语化。
grammar · medium
易错句子He ruffled at the criticism.
正确表达The criticism ruffled him.
“ruffle”作为“触怒”是及物动词，不能接介词at；应用主动结构，被批评对象作宾语。
grammar · medium
易错句子The wind roughed her hair.
正确表达The wind ruffled her hair.
“rough”作为动词意为“使粗糙”而非“弄乱”，“ruffle”才表示“弄皱/弄乱（头发）”。
本组反义词针对 ruffle 作动词表示“使不安；使心烦；弄乱”的义项；calm 侧重平息情绪，不用于“弄平衣物”等物理义。
与 ruffle“使烦恼、使不安”相对；soothe 侧重缓解情绪或疼痛，不用于抚平褶皱。
针对 ruffle“弄乱；使起皱”的义项；smooth 侧重使表面平整，不表达安抚情绪。
与 ruffle“使慌乱、使激动”相对；settle 同时有“解决、安顿”等义，需按语境选择。
shuffle 专指洗牌或拖着脚走，与 ruffle（弄皱）含义不同，但词形相近易混淆。
fluff 意为使物体蓬松柔软，而 ruffle 指把平整表面弄皱，动作方向相反。
wrinkle 侧重形成细纹或皱褶，而 ruffle 则强调把平整表面弄乱、弄皱。
惹恼某人；使不安
His blunt remarks ruffled a few feathers at the meeting.
他在会上直率的言论惹恼了几个人。
弄乱某人的头发
She ruffled the child's hair affectionately.
她疼爱地弄乱了孩子的头发。
搅动水面；使表面起波纹
A gentle breeze ruffled the surface of the lake.
一阵微风拂皱了湖面。
扰乱某人的镇定
The unexpected question ruffled her composure.
这个意外的问题使她有些不安。
ruffle feathers 是常见习语，表示惹恼或使人不安，源于鸟受惊时羽毛竖起。
ruffle one's hair 指把头发弄乱，常为亲昵或玩笑动作。
微风使水面起波纹，常用 ruffle the water 描述。
缝纫中 ruffle 指在布料边缘制作褶边或皱边。
风吹动树叶使其翻动，与 ruffle 表示扰乱、使飘动的含义相关。
惹恼；使不安；激怒
His blunt remarks ruffled feathers at the meeting.
他在会议上的直率言论惹恼了大家。
使某人生气；打扰某人
She didn't mean to ruffle anyone's feathers with her question.
她并非故意用自己的问题惹恼任何人。
安抚情绪；平息怒气
The manager tried to smooth ruffled feathers after the argument.
争吵之后，经理试图安抚众人的情绪。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.