Word · Frequency #18628
punishing
艰苦的；累人的；令人筋疲力尽的
核心释义
多指任务、日程、工作等使人精疲力竭。
physically or mentally demanding; arduous, gruelling
- 1.
惩罚性的；艰苦的
That punishes physically and/or mentally; arduous, gruelling, demanding.
- 2.
削弱的,严厉的
Debilitating, harsh.
严厉的；严酷的；使人衰弱的；惩罚性的；艰苦的；削弱的,严厉的；令人精疲力竭的；消耗体力的
用法In use
The marathon was a punishing race that left everyone exhausted.
用法提示：punishing 在这里是形容词，表示“艰苦的、累人的”，修饰 race。
She couldn't keep up with the punishing schedule at work.
用法提示：punishing 作形容词，意为“严酷的、令人吃不消的”，修饰 schedule。
The team faced punishing conditions during the winter climb.
用法提示：punishing 作定语形容词，表示“严酷的、艰苦的”，修饰 conditions。
a punishing [noun]
punishing 作定语时语气比 difficult 强，常形容需要大量体力或精力的活动。
The climb was a punishing test of endurance.
这次攀登是对耐力的一次艰苦考验。
be punishing
作表语时，主语通常是任务、天气、比赛等令人感到辛苦的事物。
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- punishing schedule
- 繁重得令人疲惫的日程
- After months of a punishing schedule, she finally took a long weekend.在连续几个月繁重得令人疲惫的日程后，她终于度了一个长周末。
- punishing pace
- 令人疲惫的速度；高强度的节奏
- The team set a punishing pace in the first half of the game.球队在上半场定下了令人疲惫的速度。
- punishing workout
- 高强度的训练；累人的锻炼
- He does a punishing workout at the gym every evening.他每天晚上都在健身房做高强度的训练。
- punishing heat
- 酷热；严酷的高温
- The construction workers labored all day in punishing heat.建筑工人们在酷热中劳作了一整天。
- punishing workload
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
联想 punish（惩罚）+ing：惩罚式的训练严酷又累人，让人筋疲力尽。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域：mixed 常见场景：legal or disciplinary settings、work schedules and workloads、sports training and physical exertion、travel and weather conditions punishing 作形容词时，在表示“惩罚性的”这一含义上多用于法律、处分等正式语境；在表示“艰苦的、严酷的”这一含义上，则比较常见于形容日程、训练、旅途或环境等令人身心俱疲的事物。该词整体在书面语和新闻报道中出现较多，口语中较少，但正式与非正式场合都能见到。
语法说明Grammar Note
表示令人疲惫或消耗体力的；常用于形容词性用法。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
These words all share the written ending -ishing and the final sound /ɪʃɪŋ/, but none is a true rhyme with punishing: its stressed vowel is /ʌ/, while each example here has a different stressed vowel (e.g., /ɪ/ in finishing, /ɒ/ in astonishing). Do not judge these by spelling — they sound alike only in the unstressed tail.
用法优先级Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 1，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.