Word · Frequency #4921
presume
假定；推测；认为
核心释义
常用于 I presume、presumably 等表达，语气比 assume 略委婉。
to suppose that something is true without having proof
- 1.
无正当权限或许可而擅自(做某事)。
To be so presumptuous as (to do something) without proper authority or permission [with to (+ infinitive)].
- 2.
假设或暗示(未经证实)为真；假定,假设。
To assume or suggest to be true (without proof); to take for granted, to suppose.
- 3.
作为前提；为论证而假设。
To take as a premise; to assume for the sake of argument.
- 4.
为了自己的利益而(对某人)施加影响；傲慢；利用(某物)；随意对待(某人)。
To impose (on) for one's advantage; to be presumptuous; to take advantage (of); to take liberties (with) [with on or upon].
假设；设定为 premise；擅自；冒昧做；利用；滥用；对…放肆；无正当权限或许可而擅自(做某事)。；假设或暗示(未经证实)为真；假定,假设。
用法In use
I presume you've already eaten, so I won't cook anything.
用法提示：presume 作动词，表示在没有确证的情况下推测“你已经吃过了”。
She presumed the meeting was cancelled because the room was empty.
用法提示：presumed 是 presume 的过去式，作动词，表示根据迹象假定会议已取消。
We shouldn't presume that everyone agrees with us.
用法提示：presume 作动词，后接 that 从句，表示没有证据地假定大家都同意。
presume to do sth
多用于否定句，语气客气，表示不敢越权或冒昧行事。
I wouldn't presume to tell you how to do your job.
我可不敢冒昧地告诉你该怎么做事。
presume (that) + 从句
比 assume 更偏正式，常暗示依据不足但仍作出推断；口语中 that 可以省略。
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- presume that
- 假定…，推测…
- I presume that the meeting will start on time.我假定会议会准时开始。
- be presumed to be
- 被假定为
- He is presumed to be innocent until proven guilty.他在被证明有罪之前被假定为无罪。
- presume to do something
- 擅自做某事，冒昧做某事
- She presumed to tell me how to do my job.她擅自告诉我该怎么做我的工作。
- presume on/upon
- 利用（关系、善意等）
- Don't presume on their hospitality too much.不要过分利用他们的热情好客。
- presumed consent
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
pre（提前）+ sume（取自assume），提前假设，常带冒昧之意。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域：正式。典型语境：法律论证、学术推理。注：presume表示“假定”时多用于正式书面语；表示“擅自”时亦常见于正式场合，如法律文本。
语法说明Grammar Note
表示『擅自做某事』时用 presume to do，不用 presume doing。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
presume /priˈzuːm/ rhymes with resume (verb) /rɪˈzuːm/. Words like assume, consume, subsume share the '-sume' ending but have /s/ instead of /z/, so they do not rhyme.
用法优先级Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 2，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
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Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.