Word · Frequency #17533
positivisms
实证主义
positivisms is the plural of positivism.
the form of empiricism that bases all knowledge on perceptual experience, not on intuition or revelation
- 1.
A doctrine that states that the only authentic knowledge is scientific knowledge, and that such knowledge can only come from positive affirmation of theories through strict scientific method, refusing every form of metaphysics.
一种学说,认为唯一真实的知识是科学知识,且只能通过严格的科学方法对理论进行实证确认来获得,拒绝一切形而上学。
- 2.
the form of empiricism that bases all knowledge on perceptual experience (not on intuition or revelation)
以感知经验为基础的经验主义形式(不依赖直觉或启示)
- 3.
A school of thought in jurisprudence in which the law is seen as separated from moral values; i.e., the law is posited by lawmakers (people).
法学思想流派,认为法律与道德价值相分离,即法律由立法者(人)制定。
- 4.
a quality or state characterized by certainty or acceptance or affirmation and dogmatic assertiveness
以确定性、接受或肯定和教条式断言为特征的状态
一种学说,认为唯一真实的知识是科学知识,且只能通过严格的科学方法对理论进行实证确认来获得,拒绝一切形而上学。；以感知经验为基础的经验主义形式(不依赖直觉或启示)；法学思想流派,认为法律与道德价值相分离,即法律由立法者(人)制定。；以确定性、接受或肯定和教条式断言为特征的状态
In use
Many scientists in the nineteenth century were drawn to positivism because it relied on observable facts.
Her research follows positivism, so she only uses data gathered through direct observation.
The philosophy course compares positivism with other theories of knowledge.
positivism in [field]
用 in 加学科或领域，表示该领域中的实证主义观点。
Positivism in psychology focuses on observable behavior.
心理学中的实证主义关注可观察的行为。
the positivism of [person/school]
用 of 结构说明属于某人或某个学派的实证主义思想。
The positivism of Auguste Comte influenced early sociology.
奥古斯特·孔德的实证主义影响了早期社会学。
positivism holds that [clause]
Connections
Collocations
- logical positivism
- 逻辑实证主义
- Logical positivism was influential in the early twentieth century.逻辑实证主义在二十世纪初很有影响。
- legal positivism
- 法律实证主义
- According to legal positivism, law is a product of social facts.根据法律实证主义，法律是社会事实的产物。
- scientific positivism
- 科学实证主义
- Scientific positivism emphasizes observable evidence over speculation.科学实证主义强调可观察的证据，而非思辨。
- critique of positivism
- 对实证主义的批评
- Her critique of positivism challenged the assumption that all knowledge must be measurable.她关于实证主义的批评挑战了所有知识都必须可测量的假设。
Synonyms
- empiricism
- 经验主义 · 经验主义是实证主义的上位概念，泛指以经验为知识来源的学说；实证主义特指强调科学方法、拒斥形而上学的哲学流派。日常行文中有时可互换，但严谨的哲学讨论中需注意区分。
Learner notes
Memory Tip
词中藏着 positive（正面、确实）：实证主义只相信能正面验证的经验事实，不信直觉或启示。
Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：哲学讨论、学术写作、社会科学研究 这是哲学术语，通常用于正式、学术性的语境，多出现在哲学、社会科学和科学方法论相关的写作或讨论中，日常口语里很少用。
Pronunciation & Spelling
以 -tivism 结尾的 activism、nativism、relativism、collectivism 与 positivism 的尾音 /vɪzəm/ 押韵；optimism 以 /mɪzəm/ 结尾，也构成 /ɪzəm/ 押韵。注意 positive 开头拼写相同，但读作 /ˈpɑːzətɪv/，词尾为 /tɪv/，与 positivism 不押韵。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.