Word · CEFR C1 · Frequency #19854
malfunctions
故障；失灵
malfunctions is the plural of malfunction.
核心释义
a failure to function normally
- 1.
故障；功能失常。
Faulty functioning.
- 2.
无法正常运作
a failure to function normally
- 3.
失灵；功能失效。
Failure to function.
故障；功能失常。；无法正常运作；失灵；功能失效。；故障；失灵
用法In use
The ticket machine malfunctioned, so I had to buy my ticket from the driver.
用法提示：此句中 malfunctioned 用作动词（过去式），意为“发生故障”。
A minor malfunction in the phone's battery caused the phone to overheat.
用法提示：此句中 malfunction 用作名词，意为“故障”。
The printer keeps malfunctioning whenever I try to print in color.
用法提示：此句中 malfunctioning 用作动词（现在分词），意为“出故障”。
verb: sth malfunctions
malfunction 作动词时是不及物动词，不能接宾语。
The computer malfunctions whenever it overheats.
这台电脑一过热就会出现故障。
noun: a malfunction in sth
作可数名词时，常与 in 搭配，指出故障出现的具体部位。
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- system malfunction
- 系统故障
- The crash was caused by a system malfunction.这次崩溃是由系统故障引起的。
- equipment malfunction
- 设备故障
- The mission was aborted because of equipment malfunction.由于设备故障，任务被中止了。
- mechanical malfunction
- 机械故障
- The engine failure was due to a mechanical malfunction.发动机故障是由机械故障造成的。
- cause a malfunction
- 引起故障
- A small bug can cause a malfunction in the software.一个小错误可能导致软件故障。
- malfunctioning device
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
mal-（坏）+ function（功能）→功能坏了，就是故障、失灵。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：technical documentation、equipment manuals、medical reports malfunction 是比较正式的用词，多用于技术文档、设备说明或医疗报告等书面语境；日常口语中更常说 break down 或 not work。作名词和动词时语体都偏正式。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
function, dysfunction, junction and conjunction all end in /ʌŋkʃən/ and rhyme with malfunction; they also share the spelling “unction”. flunk and monk have the same /ʌŋk/ vowel+consonant cluster but are not full rhymes because malfunction adds a final /ʃən/, and their spellings differ (unk/onk vs unc).
用法优先级Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 1，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
一起学习词形Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, OCTANOVE, WIKTIONARY.