Word · Frequency #15342
incapacity
无能力；缺乏能力
核心释义
lack of ability to do something; inability
- 1.
缺乏能力；无能力。
The lack of a capacity; an inability.
- 2.
法律上的无资格。
Legal disqualification.
无行为能力；无法律资格；缺乏能力；无能力。；法律上的无资格。；无能力；不适当；[医] 无能力
用法In use
After his stroke, he suffered from a temporary incapacity to walk.
用法提示：incapacity表示缺乏某方面的能力，此处指身体机能丧失。
Her mental incapacity made it impossible for her to manage her own affairs.
用法提示：incapacity指精神上的无能力，无法进行理性判断。
The contract was declared void due to the minor's legal incapacity.
用法提示：incapacity在法律语境中指不具备法定资格或能力。
incapacity to do sth
incapacity 后接带 to 的不定式，表示缺乏做某事的能力。
The patient's incapacity to communicate made nursing difficult.
患者无法交流，这让护理工作变得困难。
incapacity for sth
incapacity for 后接名词或动名词，表示在某方面无能力。
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- mental incapacity
- 精神无能力；心智丧失
- After the stroke, his mental incapacity made it impossible for him to manage his finances.中风后，他心智丧失，无法管理自己的财务。
- physical incapacity
- 身体残疾；体能丧失
- Physical incapacity forced him to give up his job as a firefighter.身体残疾迫使他放弃了消防员的工作。
- legal incapacity
- 法律上无行为能力
- His legal incapacity was established by the guardianship order.监护令确立了他的法律无行为能力。
- incapacity benefit
- 丧失工作能力补助金
- She claimed incapacity benefit while recovering from surgery.她在手术康复期间申领了丧失工作能力补助金。
- incapacity to work
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
联想：in（不）+ capacity（能力）= 没有能力，即‘无能’；法律中指丧失资格。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：legal documents、formal writing、official notices 该词比较正式，多用于法律或官方语境，指无能力或法律上的无资格；日常口语中较少用，更常说 inability 或 lack of ability。
语法说明Grammar Note
incapacity 通常作不可数名词，但有时可用复数形式 incapacities。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
All six words rhyme with incapacity in the final stressed /æsəti/; the shared spelling chunk is -acity. However, lookalikes such as capability /ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti/ and incapable /ɪnˈkeɪpəbəl/ do not rhyme.
一起学习词形Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.