Word · Frequency #19344
incapacitate
使丧失能力；使无法行动
核心释义
make someone unable to do something
- 1.
使某人或某物无法做某事；使丧失能力。
To make someone or something incapable of doing something; to disable.
- 2.
使某人无资格；取消资格。
To make someone ineligible; to disqualify.
使永久伤残；使残废；使某人或某物无法做某事；使丧失能力。；使某人无资格；取消资格。；使无能力；使无行为能力；[法] 使无资格
用法In use
The severe headache incapacitated him for the whole afternoon.
用法提示：incapacitate 作及物动词，表示‘使…无法行动’。
A broken leg incapacitates a runner for months.
用法提示：这里用第三人称单数 incapacitates，表示‘使…丧失能力’。
The virus is capable of incapacitating the body's defense system.
用法提示：incapacitating 是动词的现在分词形式，表示‘使…丧失功能’。
incapacitate sb/sth
常用在医学或法律语境中，表示使某人失去正常功能。
The disease incapacitated her.
这种疾病使她丧失了能力。
incapacitate sb from doing sth
from doing sth 结构表示阻止某人做某事。
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- incapacitate an enemy
- 使敌人丧失战斗力
- The troops were ordered to incapacitate the enemy rather than kill them.部队奉命使敌人丧失战斗力，而不是杀死他们。
- be incapacitated by illness
- 因病无法行动；因病丧失能力
- She was incapacitated by illness for several weeks.她因病几个星期无法行动。
- physically incapacitated
- 身体上丧失能力的；无法行动的
- The injury left him physically incapacitated, and he needed help with daily tasks.这次受伤使他身体上丧失能力，日常生活需要帮助。
- incapacitating injury
- 致残的伤病；使人丧失能力的伤害
- An incapacitating injury ended her career as a dancer.一次致残的伤病终结了她的舞蹈生涯。
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
把 incapacitate 拆成 in（不）+ capacitate，联想 capacity（能力）：能力被抽走，人就 incapacitate（丧失能力、动弹不得）。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：法律或正式文件、医学或军事报告 incapacitate 是正式用词，通常用于书面或正式场合，表示使人或事物丧失能力；在日常口语中较少使用，更常说 disable 或 put out of action。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
These words share the spelling ending -itate and the unstressed final /ɪteɪt/, but none fully rhymes with incapacitate /ˌɪnkəˈpæsɪteɪt/, whose main stress is on /pæ/; each lookalike differs in its stressed vowel or the consonant before the ending.
一起学习词形Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.