Word · Frequency #11949
idealism
唯心主义；观念论；唯心论
in philosophy, the theory that ideas are the only reality
- 1.
The property of a person of having high ideals that are usually unrealizable or at odds with practical life.
一个人拥有通常无法实现或与现实生活相悖的高尚理想的特性。
- 2.
(philosophy) the philosophical theory that ideas are the only reality
(哲学)观念是唯一实在的哲学理论。
- 3.
The practice or habit of giving or attributing ideal form or character to things; treatment of things in art or literature according to ideal standards or patterns;—opposed to realism.
赋予事物以理想形式或特性的做法或习惯；在艺术或文学中按理想标准或模式处理事物；与现实主义相对。
- 4.
impracticality by virtue of thinking of things in their ideal form rather than as they really are
因按理想形态而非现实本来面目看待事物而导致的不切实际。
- 5.
An approach to philosophical enquiry, which asserts that direct and immediate knowledge can only be had of ideas or mental pictures.
一种哲学研究方法,主张直接而即时的知识只能来自观念或心灵图像。
- 6.
elevated ideals or conduct; the quality of believing that ideals should be pursued
崇高的理想或行为；认为应当追求理想的品质。
一个人拥有通常无法实现或与现实生活相悖的高尚理想的特性。；(哲学)观念是唯一实在的哲学理论。；赋予事物以理想形式或特性的做法或习惯；在艺术或文学中按理想标准或模式处理事物；与现实主义相对。；因按理想形态而非现实本来面目看待事物而导致的不切实际。；一种哲学研究方法,主张直接而即时的知识只能来自观念或心灵图像。
In use
The professor's lecture on idealism argued that the mind shapes all reality.
For her thesis, she compared materialism with idealism in ancient Greek thought.
Many students find idealism difficult to accept because it denies an independent physical world.
idealism about sth
此结构中的 idealism 通常表示“理想主义”；哲学义“唯心主义”较少与 about 连用。
Their idealism about the project faded after the first setback.
第一次挫折之后，他们对这个项目的理想主义逐渐消退。
[possessive] idealism
这里指人的理想主义品质，不是哲学理论。
His idealism made him refuse any compromise.
他的理想主义让他拒绝任何妥协。
idealism in [field]
在哲学语境中，idealism 通常译为“唯心主义”。
Connections
Collocations
- youthful idealism
- 青春理想主义；年轻人的理想主义
- His youthful idealism gradually gave way to a more pragmatic outlook.他年轻时的那种理想主义逐渐让位于更加务实的态度。
- political idealism
- 政治理想主义
- Political idealism can inspire reform, but it must be grounded in reality.政治理想主义能激发改革，但必须立足于现实。
- philosophical idealism
- 哲学唯心主义；哲学观念论
- Philosophical idealism holds that reality is fundamentally mental.哲学唯心主义认为现实在根本上是精神的。
- German idealism
- 德国唯心主义；德国古典观念论
- German idealism shaped much of modern philosophy.德国唯心主义塑造了现代哲学的许多内容。
- naive idealism
- 天真的理想主义
- Naive idealism often fades once people face real-world constraints.天真的理想主义往往在人们面对现实约束时逐渐消失。
Learner notes
Memory Tip
词中藏着 idea（观念）：观念才是唯一真实，这就是唯心主义。
Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：哲学讨论、学术写作、哲学史 该义项为哲学术语，通常用于哲学讨论或学术写作，比较正式；日常口语中较少使用。
Grammar Note
哲学义通常不可数；表示多种理论或体系时可用复数。
Pronunciation & Spelling
真正的同韵词：realism 和 surrealism（重读元音 /iː/ + 结尾 /əlɪzəm/）。其余四个是拼写相似的“样子像”词，但重读元音不同：materialism (/məˈtɪr-/)、liberalism (/ˈlɪb-/)、capitalism (/ˈkæp-/)、pragmatism (/ˈpræɡ-/)。
Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 1，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.