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gruff + noun
He had a gruff voice.
他声音粗哑。
粗暴的；生硬的
gruffer — comparative of gruff
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
粗暴的；生硬的
Brusque and surly in manner; rough and harsh in demeanor.
He had a gruff voice.
他声音粗哑。
具有粗鲁、粗暴、严厉的举止和性情。
having a rough, surly, and harsh demeanor and nature.
粗鲁、乖戾且令人望而生畏的
brusque and surly and forbidding
声音嘶哑的。
hoarse-voiced.
(声音)低沉而刺耳的,仿佛因喊叫、疾病或情绪所致
deep and harsh sounding as if from shouting or illness or emotion; ; ; ; - Virgil Thomson
His gruff voice scared the little girl.
他粗哑的声音吓到了那个小女孩。
AI contextual example
The old man gave a gruff reply and turned away.
那个老人粗鲁地回答了一句，然后转身走开了。
AI contextual example
Despite his gruff appearance, he was actually very kind.
尽管他外表板着脸，实际上他非常善良。
AI contextual example
gruff manner
态度生硬
WordNet
He had a gruff voice.
他声音粗哑。
His manner was gruff.
他的态度粗鲁。
表示对某人的态度粗鲁或无礼。
He was gruff with his children.
他对孩子们很粗暴。
Not this
He spoke gruff.
Use this
He spoke gruffly.
‘gruff’是形容词，不能修饰动词；应使用副词形式‘gruffly’来修饰动词‘spoke’。
Not this
He is more gruff than his brother.
Use this
He is gruffer than his brother.
单音节形容词‘gruff’的比较级应加‘-er’构成‘gruffer’，而不是用‘more’。
Focus on the distinctions below. Other candidates are kept compact until a reliable usage note is available.
沙哑的嗓音
He spoke in a gruff voice.
他用沙哑的嗓音说话。
生硬的态度
Despite his gruff manner, he is very kind.
尽管他态度生硬，他其实很善良。
生硬的回答
She gave a gruff reply to the question.
她生硬地回答了这个问题。
粗鲁的外表
Beneath his gruff exterior, he has a warm heart.
在他粗鲁的外表下，有一颗温暖的心。
粗鲁的老头
The gruff old man rarely smiled.
那个粗鲁的老头很少笑。
Use gruffer naturally, then get feedback on meaning, tone, grammar, and phrasing.
Revisit a common error or keep this word in your review list.
联想‘gr-’开头如‘growl’低吼，嗓音沙哑、态度粗暴。
语域：neutral 常见场景：describing a person's manner、describing a voice 该词为中性表达，通常用于描写人的态度、举止或声音，可指人显得粗鲁生硬，也可指嗓音低沉沙哑。口语和书面语中均可使用，具体含义需根据搭配对象判断。
与 gruff /ɡrʌf/ 押韵的词包括：stuff /stʌf/、puff /pʌf/、cuff /kʌf/，以及拼作 -ough 但读 /ʌf/ 的 rough /rʌf/。注意：cough /kɒf/ 和 through /θruː/ 都含有 -ough，但读音完全不同。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.