Word · Frequency #26097
functionalisms
机能心理学
functionalisms is the plural of functionalism.
核心释义
指心理学中强调心理活动适应功能的学派。
a school of psychology holding that mental processes help an organism adapt to its environment
- 1.
一种学说,认为事物的功能应体现在其设计和所用材料中。
A doctrine, in several fields, that the function of something should be reflected in its design and the materials used in its construction.
- 2.
以原因和效果来定义心理状态的观点。
The definition of mental states in terms of their causes and effects.
- 3.
认为社会文化凝聚力源于社会制度相互依存和互动的观点。
The idea that social and cultural cohesion are a function of the interdependence and interactions of the institutions of a society.
- 4.
一种理论,认为大屠杀是操作层面决策和程序逐步升级的结果(经希特勒批准但并非其预谋)。
The theory that the Holocaust was the result of a gradual escalation of decisions and procedures at the operational level (approved but not necessarily preconceived by Hitler).
- 5.
一种将心理现象视为个体适应环境之功能的一般思想流派。
A general school of thought that considers psychological phenomena in terms of their role in adaptation to the person's environment.
- 6.
功能语言学的同义词。
功能主义；实用第一主义；一种学说,认为事物的功能应体现在其设计和所用材料中。；以原因和效果来定义心理状态的观点。；认为社会文化凝聚力源于社会制度相互依存和互动的观点。；一种理论,认为大屠杀是操作层面决策和程序逐步升级的结果(经希特勒批准但并非其预谋)。
用法In use
The school's new building was designed according to functionalism, with every room shaped by its purpose.
用法提示：功能主义在此指强调实用与目的的设计原则，用作介词according to的宾语。
In the early twentieth century, functionalism influenced many architects who rejected unnecessary decoration.
用法提示：功能主义作句子的主语，表示一种强调功能的设计思潮。
Some designers still debate whether functionalism leaves enough room for beauty and creativity.
用法提示：功能主义在此作从句主语，指重实用轻装饰的理念。
functionalism in [field]
常与学科名称搭配，表示该学科中的功能主义流派。
Functionalism in psychology focuses on how mental processes help people adapt to their environment.
心理学中的功能主义关注心理过程如何帮助人们适应环境。
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- architectural functionalism
- 建筑功能主义
- Architectural functionalism gave rise to the motto that form follows function.建筑学中的功能主义流派，主张设计应优先考虑功能需求。
- linguistic functionalism
- 语言功能主义
- Linguistic functionalism studies how grammar is shaped by communication needs.语言学中的功能主义视角，关注语言使用中的交际功能。
- psychological functionalism
- 心理功能主义
- Psychological functionalism was influential in the early development of American psychology.心理学中的一种学派，强调心理过程对适应环境的作用。
- sociological functionalism
- 社会学功能主义
- Sociological functionalism sees social institutions as contributing to the stability of society.社会学中的重要理论视角，关注社会各部分的相互依存与功能。
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
由function(功能)联想：功能主义就是重实用，如建筑名言'形式服从功能'。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：psychology、philosophy、sociology、academic writing 该词属于正式学术用语，通常出现在心理学、哲学、社会学等学科的理论讨论中，口语中很少使用。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
以 -ism 结尾的词（capitalism, feminism, criticism, behaviorism）拼写末端相同，词尾读音都是 /ɪzəm/，但它们与 functionalism 的重读元音不同，因此并不构成完整押韵。function /ˈfʌŋkʃən/ 和 functional /ˈfʌŋkʃənəl/ 拼写相近，读音前半相同，但缺少 /ɪzəm/ 结尾，注意区分。
一起学习词形Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.