Word · Frequency #1368
fresh
洪水；急流
A sudden rush or flood of water, along a river or onto the land.
- 1.
A rush of water, along a river or onto the land; a flood.
沿河或漫过陆地的急流；洪水。
- 2.
A stream or spring of fresh water.
淡水溪流或泉。
- 3.
The mingling of fresh water with salt in rivers or bays, as by means of a flood of fresh water flowing toward or into the sea.
河流或海湾中淡水与盐水的混合,如因淡水洪流向海或入海而引起。
淡水溪流；淡水泉；淡水与盐水的混合；沿河或漫过陆地的急流；洪水。；淡水溪流或泉。；河流或海湾中淡水与盐水的混合,如因淡水洪流向海或入海而引起。
In use
After the heavy rain, a fresh swept through the valley, flooding the farmland.
The boat was carried downstream by the sudden fresh from the mountains.
Farmers checked the river level every morning during the spring freshes.
a fresh
此处 fresh 是名词，指淡水泉或溪流；作形容词时意为“新鲜的”，注意区分。
The travelers camped beside a fresh in the valley.
旅行者们在山谷里的一处泉水旁露营。
freshes + [verb]
fresh 作名词表示洪水或急流时，复数形式为 freshes。
Spring freshes often flood the lowlands.
春汛常常淹没低地。
Common mistakes
There were many fresh in the river after the storm.
Connections
Synonyms
- flood
- 洪水；大水 · 同义词中最通用、最中性，适用于任何规模的洪水，口语和书面语均可。
- deluge
- 大洪水；暴雨洪水 · 语气强烈，常指异常巨大且破坏性强的洪水，或伴随暴雨，带修辞色彩。
- torrent
- 急流；湍流 · 侧重水流本身的速度与冲击力，不强调水量的泛滥范围，多指山间急流。
- spate
- 河水猛涨；突发洪水 · 主要用于英国英语，特指河水突然上涨的状态，常见于 'in spate' 结构中。
- inundation
- 泛滥；淹没 · 正式用语，多用于描述洪水淹没陆地的过程或结果，比 flood 更书面。
Antonyms
- drought
- 干旱 · 义项1（沿河或漫过陆地的急流、洪水）的反义词；干旱指长期无雨缺水，与洪水的丰水状态相对。
Learner notes
Memory Tip
联想：fresh的形容词义是“新鲜的淡水”，把名词义记成这股淡水变成的急流——淡水泉涨水成洪水，freshes就是奔涌的水。
Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：地理与水文描述、航海与海湾环境、文学或历史叙述 该名词义项属于正式或书面语，多用于地理、水文、航海或文学描写中，日常口语中很少出现。
Pronunciation & Spelling
Words with -esh (mesh, flesh, thresh) rhyme with fresh: they end in /ɛʃ/. Beware the -ess lookalikes press, dress, chess, which end in /ɛs/ and sound different.
High-value vocabulary
该词属于 Oxford 核心词汇，值得优先掌握常见搭配和句型。
Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 4，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from DICTIONARY_API_DEV, ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.