fail to do sth
fail 后接动词不定式，表示“未能做成某事”，语气比 didn't do 正式。
He failed to meet the deadline.
他未能赶上截止日期。
失败；未能做到
fails — third person singular of fail
疏忽；未做；失灵；出故障；不及格；给…不及格；辜负；使失望；背弃；不足；缺乏
To be unsuccessful; especially, not to achieve a goal or intended result.
表示“未能做到某事”时，后接不定式，如 fail to do sth.
不成功
To be unsuccessful.
未达到特定目标(用法说明:该词的直接宾语通常是动词不定式)
Not to achieve a particular stated goal. (Usage note: The direct object of this word is usually an infinitive.)
疏忽；忽略
To neglect.
(机器等)停止正常运转
Of a machine, etc.: to cease to operate correctly.
辜负；不足；使失望；背弃
To be wanting to, to be insufficient for, to disappoint, to desert; to disappoint one's expectations.
(学业)不及格
To receive one or more non-passing grades in academic pursuits.
判(学生)不及格
To give a student a non-passing grade in an academic endeavour.
缺乏；不足；欠缺直至完全缺失
To be wanting; to fall short; to be or become deficient in any measure or degree up to total absence.
无法履行承诺；尤指无力偿债或履行商业义务；破产
To become unable to meet one's engagements; especially, to be unable to pay one's debts or discharge one's business obligation; to become bankrupt or insolvent.
一般现在时
They often fail to meet the deadline.
他们常常无法在截止日期前完成。
一般过去时
She failed the math exam last week.
她上周数学考试没及格。
现在完成时
The company has failed to pay its debts.
这家公司至今未能偿还债务。
规则动词，过去式和过去分词均为 failed；表示“未能做某事”用 fail to do sth.。
She studied hard but failed the exam.
她努力学习，但考试没及格。
用法提示：fail 作及物动词，表示（考试）不及格。
The company failed to meet its sales target.
公司未能达到销售目标。
用法提示：fail to do 表示未能做到某事，后接不定式。
My computer suddenly failed during the presentation.
我的电脑在演示过程中突然出故障了。
用法提示：fail 作不及物动词，表示机器等停止正常运转、出故障。
fail 后接动词不定式，表示“未能做成某事”，语气比 didn't do 正式。
He failed to meet the deadline.
他未能赶上截止日期。
此时 fail 是及物动词，宾语为人，表示辜负信任或期望。
I won't fail you.
我不会辜负你。
表示考试或测试不及格时，美式英语常用 fail sth，英式英语也可用 fail in sth。
She failed in her driving test.
她驾驶考试没通过。
主要用于学业或考试，语气较口语化
强调未达到预期，常与 of 连用，较正式
专指机械、设备等停止运行
侧重辜负别人，必须接宾语
常用于计划、策略等，较抽象
grammar · medium
易错句子He failed to pass the exam.
正确表达He failed the exam.
“fail” 本身已含“未能通过”之意，再与 to pass 连用语义重复。表示“考试不及格”时，直接把考试科目作 fail 的宾语即可。
grammar · medium
易错句子She failed noticing the mistake.
正确表达She failed to notice the mistake.
fail 表示“未能做某事”时，须接不定式 to do，不能用动名词；因此应改为 to notice。
fail 指未成功或未能做到某事，不强调竞争对象；lose 指在比赛、竞争或争论中输给对方，或失去某物。若句中有对手或竞争对象，用 lose。
fail 表示整体不成功或未能做到某事，后接不定式；miss 表示错过具体时机、目标、交通工具或活动。说“错过公交车”要用 miss，不用 fail。
fail 的“不足”指功能或努力未达到应有结果，如机器失灵、未能履行；lack 指客观上缺少某物或某种品质，后接名词，不表示“未做成某事”。
未能做
He failed to arrive on time.
他未能按时到达。
考试不及格
She failed the math exam.
她数学考试不及格。
辜负某人
I feel I've failed my parents.
我觉得我辜负了父母。
在…方面失败
He failed in his attempt to climb the mountain.
他攀登那座山的尝试失败了。
忘记提及
She failed to mention the important detail.
她忘记提及那个重要的细节。
未能出庭
The witness failed to appear in court.
证人未能出庭。
必定，一定
You must submit the report by Friday without fail.
你必须在星期五之前务必提交报告。
不明白，不理解
I fail to see why you are upset.
我不明白你为什么难过。
使某人失望
He failed his team by not showing up.
他因为没露面让团队失望了。
我辜负了你，阿纳金。
I have failed you, Anakin.
我辜负了你，阿纳金。
你辜负了这座城市！
You have failed this city!
你辜负了这座城市！
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.