Word · Frequency #18021
externality
外在性；外部性
the quality or state of being outside, directed toward the outside, or relating to the exterior
- 1.
The state of being external or externalized.
外在性；外部状态
- 2.
A thing that is external relative to something else.
外部事物
- 3.
An impact, positive or negative, on any party not involved in a given economic transaction or act.
对未参与交易方产生的影响
外在性；外部状态；外部事物；对未参与交易方产生的影响；外形；外在性
In use
The externality of the noise was obvious, because it came from the street outside our apartment.
We discussed the externality of the problem, which arose from outside the company.
We were surprised by the externality of the decision, since it was made by someone we had never met.
the externality of sth to sth
The externality of the garage to the house is inconvenient.
车库位于房屋之外,这很不方便。
Common mistakes
The externality factors should be considered.The external factors should be considered.
externality是名词，不能作定语修饰名词；表示“外部的”应使用形容词external。这是词性混淆，受中文“外部”影响。
There are many externality associated with this policy.
Connections
Collocations
- negative externality
- 负面外部性
- Pollution is a classic example of a negative externality.污染是负面外部性的典型例子。
- positive externality
- 正面外部性
- Education creates a positive externality for society.教育为社会创造了正面外部性。
- production externality
- 生产外部性
- The factory's smoke is a production externality affecting nearby residents.工厂的烟雾是影响附近居民的生产外部性。
- consumption externality
- 消费外部性
- Secondhand smoke is a consumption externality of smoking.二手烟是吸烟的一种消费外部性。
- internalize the externality
- 使外部性内部化
- A carbon tax helps internalize the externality of greenhouse gas emissions.碳税有助于使温室气体排放的外部性内部化。
Learner notes
Memory Tip
外部的(external)加上名词后缀-ity，就是“外在性”；经济学里的外部性如污染成本外溢给他人。
Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：学术论文、哲学讨论 该词多用于正式或学术语境，表示“外在性”，即属于外部或与外部有关的性质或状态；日常口语中较少出现。
Pronunciation & Spelling
以上单词的重读元音和后续发音都与 externality 的 /ˈnæləti/ 押韵。注意拼写相似的 external /ɪkˈstɜːnəl/ 和 eternity /ɪˈtɜːnəti/ 读音不同，并不押韵。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.