Word · Frequency #22458
derail
使出轨
cause to run off the tracks
及物用法
- 1.
To cause to come off the tracks.
使脱轨
- 2.
To come off the tracks.
脱轨
- 3.
To deviate from the previous course or direction.
偏离原有的路线或方向
- 4.
To cause to deviate from a set course or direction.
使偏离既定的路线或方向
出轨；使脱轨；脱轨；偏离原有的路线或方向；使偏离既定的路线或方向
In use
A broken rail derailed the freight train.
The rear carriage was derailed by a pile of fallen rocks.
The engine derailed as it crossed the old bridge.
derail sth
及物用法中，主语是造成出轨的原因，宾语是被弄出轨的列车。
Heavy flooding derailed the passenger train.
严重洪水使那列客运火车出轨了。
sth derails
不及物用法中，主语常为火车、车厢等，表示自动脱离轨道。
The last carriage derailed as it entered the curve.
最后一节车厢在进入弯道时出轨了。
Verb forms
base derail · third person derails · -ing derailing · past derailed · past participle derailed
规则动词，过去式和过去分词为 derailed，现在分词为 derailing。
Common mistakes
Connections
Collocations
- a train derails
- 火车出轨
- The train derailed shortly after leaving the station.那列火车刚离开车站不久就出轨了。
- derail a train
- 使火车出轨
- The attackers planned to derail the passenger train by placing obstacles on the line.袭击者计划在铁轨上放置障碍物使旅客列车出轨。
- be derailed
- 出轨
- The maintenance vehicle was derailed during the storm.那辆维修车在暴风雨中出轨了。
- derail from the tracks
- 从轨道上出轨
- A wheel on the last carriage came loose and the carriage derailed from the tracks.最后一节车厢的一个轮子松了，那节车厢就从轨道上脱轨了。
Idioms & figurative uses
- derail someone's plans
- 打乱某人的计划The sudden storm derailed our plans for a picnic.
Learner notes
Memory Tip
联想：列车“脱轨”时发出de-（脱离）+rail（铁轨）的声音，rail就是轨道，脱开轨道即出轨。
Context & Register
语域：neutral 常见场景：railway accident reports、transport safety notices、news about train incidents 该词表示使（火车等）出轨或脱轨，多用于铁路事故报道、交通安全通报或新闻语境中；属于中性、正式程度适中的表达。使用时通常搭配火车、列车、轨道等具体对象。
Pronunciation & Spelling
以上词均以 /eɪl/ 音结尾，和 derail 的词尾 -rail 押韵；它们都含有拼写块 ail。注意：dial (/ˈdaɪəl/)、denial (/dɪˈnaɪəl/)、daily (/ˈdeɪli/) 拼写看似相近，但读音并不押韵。
Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 1，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.