Word · Frequency #4016
chronic
长期的；慢性的
核心释义
lasting for a long time; (of an illness or pain) continuing or slow to heal
- 1.
指持续较长时间的问题。
Of a problem, that continues over an extended period of time.
- 2.
长期的或愈合缓慢的
Prolonged or slow to heal.
- 3.
指长期患病或难以治愈的人。
Of a person, suffering from an affliction that is prolonged or slow to heal.
- 4.
根深蒂固的或习惯性的
Inveterate or habitual.
长期患病的；久病不愈的；积习难改的；习惯性的；指持续较长时间的问题。；长期的或愈合缓慢的；指长期患病或难以治愈的人。
用法In use
The city has a chronic shortage of affordable housing.
用法提示：chronic 作形容词修饰 shortage，表示长期存在、难以解决的问题。
She suffers from chronic back pain and has to see a doctor regularly.
用法提示：chronic 作形容词修饰 back pain，表示持续时间长、愈合缓慢的。
His chronic lateness finally got him into trouble at work.
用法提示：chronic 作形容词修饰 lateness，表示习惯性的、积习难改的。
chronic + noun (illness/problem)
chronic 作定语直接放在名词前，表示疾病或问题长期存在、难以根治。
She has suffered from chronic back pain for years.
她多年来一直饱受慢性背痛的折磨。
be/become/remain chronic
作表语时说明某种情况长期化，常与 become、remain 等系动词连用。
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- chronic disease
- 慢性病
- He has been living with a chronic disease for over a decade.他患慢性病已超过十年。
- chronic pain
- 慢性疼痛
- Chronic pain can significantly affect a person's quality of life.慢性疼痛会严重影响一个人的生活质量。
- chronic stress
- 长期压力
- Chronic stress may lead to serious health problems.长期压力可能导致严重的健康问题。
- chronic fatigue
- 慢性疲劳
- She suffers from chronic fatigue and often feels exhausted.她患有慢性疲劳，经常感到筋疲力尽。
- chronic condition
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
慢性病像老钟，'c' 联想 clock，时间长久。
语境与语域Context & Register
多用于医学语境指疾病长期存在，也可用于描述问题或习惯长期持续。语域中性偏正式，常见于书面表达。
语法说明Grammar Note
强调问题、疾病或习惯持续很久且难以消除；与 acute（急性的）相对，不单指“严重”。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
Words like 'tonic', 'sonic', 'conic' rhyme with 'chronic' (stress on first syllable, /ɒnɪk/). 'Clinic', 'classic', and 'graphic' share the -ic ending but have different vowel sounds (/ɪ/, /æ/, /æ/ respectively).
用法优先级Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 2，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
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Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.