Word · Frequency #4420
bureaucracy
官僚体制；官僚政治；行政管理制度
a system of government or administration in which decisions are made by officials in separate departments rather than by elected representatives
- 1.
Government by bureaus or their administrators or officers.
由局或其行政官员治理的政府。
- 2.
nonelective government officials
非选举产生的政府官员
- 3.
A system of administration based upon organisation into bureaus, division of labour, a hierarchy of authority, etc., designed to dispose of a large body of work in a routine manner.
一种基于分设机构、分工和权力层级的行政管理制度,旨在按常规方式处理大量工作。
- 4.
a government that is administered primarily by bureaus that are staffed with nonelective officials
由非选举官员组成的局署管理的政府
- 5.
The body of officers and administrators, especially of a government.
尤指政府的官员和行政人员群体。
- 6.
any organization in which action is obstructed by insistence on unnecessary procedures and red tape
任何因繁琐程序和繁文缛节而阻碍行动的组织
官僚；行政官员；繁文缛节；官僚作风；形式主义；由局或其行政官员治理的政府。；非选举产生的政府官员；一种基于分设机构、分工和权力层级的行政管理制度,旨在按常规方式处理大量工作。
In use
Applying for a parking permit involved so much bureaucracy that I almost gave up.
The new manager promised to reduce bureaucracy and speed up paperwork.
Many small businesses struggle with government bureaucracy when they try to expand.
a(n) [adjective] bureaucracy
bureaucracy 作可数名词时表示具体的官僚机构。
The company has a bloated bureaucracy.
这家公司有臃肿的官僚机构。
the bureaucracy of [noun]
bureaucracy 也可作不可数名词，表示官僚作风或官僚体制。
He criticized the bureaucracy of the government.
他批评了政府的官僚作风。
bureaucracy + verb (singular/plural agreement)
作为不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数。
Connections
Collocations
- excessive bureaucracy
- 过多的官僚主义
- The company struggled with excessive bureaucracy.这家公司因过多的官僚主义而举步维艰。
- government bureaucracy
- 政府官僚体制
- The government bureaucracy is often slow to respond.政府官僚体制往往反应缓慢。
- reduce bureaucracy
- 减少官僚作风
- The new policy aims to reduce bureaucracy.新政策旨在减少官僚作风。
- bureaucracy and red tape
- 官僚主义和繁文缛节
- Many businesses complain about bureaucracy and red tape.许多企业抱怨官僚主义和繁文缛节。
- inefficient bureaucracy
- 低效的官僚机构
- An inefficient bureaucracy can hinder economic growth.低效的官僚机构会阻碍经济增长。
Learner notes
Memory Tip
想象“bureau”（办公桌）和“cracy”（统治）组成“办公桌统治”，即官僚机构。一叠叠文件堆满桌，办事效率低，记住“官僚”就是桌子的统治。
Context & Register
register: mixed, settings: 政府, 组织, 行政体系, note_zh: 通常用于正式场合，描述政府或大型组织的运作体系，但在日常口语中可能带有贬义，指繁琐的程序或官僚主义。
Pronunciation & Spelling
All listed words share the '-cracy' suffix and rhyme with 'bureaucracy' (the stressed vowel /ɑ/ followed by /krəsi/).
Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 2，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from DICTIONARY_API_DEV, ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.