feel bitterness towards/against sb/sth
She felt bitterness towards her former colleagues.
她对前同事感到怨恨。
苦味；苦
bitternesses — plural of bitterness
怨恨；愤恨；辛酸；痛苦；尖刻；刻薄；严寒；刺骨的寒冷；苦味；味苦的性质。
The sharp, unpleasant taste of a bitter substance, such as coffee or quinine.
苦味；味苦的性质。
The quality of having a bitter taste.
深切的怨恨和敌意
a feeling of deep and bitter anger and ill-will
痛苦,怨恨；刻薄,不满；表现出此类情感的性质。
The quality of feeling bitter; acrimony, resentment; the quality of exhibiting such feelings.
粗暴尖刻的态度
a rough and bitter manner
引起苦涩、羞辱或严酷感受的性质。
The quality of eliciting a bitter, humiliating or harsh feeling.
奎宁或咖啡入口时的苦味
the taste experience when quinine or coffee is taken into the mouth
严寒,刺骨的寒冷。
Harsh cold.
The bitterness of the divorce lingered in her heart for years.
离婚的苦涩在她心中萦绕多年。
用法提示：bitterness 在此句中作名词，表示长期的怨恨或痛苦的情感。
He couldn't hide the bitterness in his voice when he spoke about his former boss.
他谈起前老板时，声音里无法掩饰怨恨。
用法提示：bitterness 在此句中作名词，指言语中流露出的不满和愤恨。
The bitterness of the medicine made her grimace.
药的苦味让她做了个鬼脸。
用法提示：bitterness 在此句中作名词，表示味觉上的苦味。
She felt bitterness towards her former colleagues.
她对前同事感到怨恨。
多用于描述味道或比喻中的苦涩。
The bitterness of the coffee made her grimace.
咖啡的苦味让她做了个鬼脸。
bitterness在此表示愤怒或不满的语气。
He spoke with bitterness about the unfair treatment.
他带着怨恨谈到不公平的待遇。
指长期积累的愤怒，语气比bitterness更侧重不满情绪，不直接表达敌意。
更强烈、持久的仇恨，常含报复心理，语气比bitterness更重。
指言语或态度上的尖刻，常用于描述争执或批评。
指态度严厉、不温和，适用范围广泛，不仅限于言语。
既可指味道苦涩，也可指态度刻薄；用于味道时较正式。
grammar · medium
易错句子He has a bitterness attitude.
正确表达He has a bitter attitude.
“bitterness”是名词，不能直接修饰另一个名词“attitude”。在英语中，修饰名词应使用形容词“bitter”。
grammar · medium
易错句子She spoke bitterness about her past.
正确表达She spoke with bitterness about her past.
动词“spoke”后不能直接接名词“bitterness”作为宾语。表达“带着苦涩说”时，需要使用介词“with”引出伴随状态。
bitterness侧重于因失望或不幸而产生的苦涩愤怒，而resentment更强调因受到不公平对待而产生的持续怨恨。
bitterness可指内心的苦涩敌意或口味，acrimony特指言语或态度上的尖刻，常用于争论中。
对...的怨恨
She felt a deep bitterness towards her former friend.
她对前朋友深感怨恨。
对...的苦涩
He expressed bitterness about the unfair treatment.
他表达了对不公平待遇的苦涩。
怨恨与不满
Years of bitterness and resentment finally erupted.
多年的怨恨与不满终于爆发了。
感到苦涩
It's hard not to feel bitterness after such a betrayal.
经历了这样的背叛，很难不感到苦涩。
带着怨恨
He spoke with bitterness in his voice.
他说话时声音中带着怨恨。
克服怨恨
She learned to overcome bitterness through forgiveness.
她通过宽恕学会了克服怨恨。
ness
ness
ness
ness
ness
ness
bitter (adj.) + -ness (noun suffix)
base word
苦涩感常源于不公正的经历
背叛会导致苦涩情绪
苦涩可能发展为愤世嫉俗
咖啡以其苦味著称
奎宁具有强烈的苦味
深深的苦涩感
After the unfair treatment, she carried a deep sense of bitterness.
受到不公待遇后，她怀有深深的苦涩感。
失败的苦涩
He couldn't hide the bitterness of defeat after losing the championship.
输掉冠军后，他无法掩饰失败的苦涩。
心怀怨恨
She recalled the betrayal with bitterness in her heart.
她心怀怨恨地回忆起那次背叛。
怨恨就像喝毒药，却等着别人死去。
After the breakup, she felt a deep bitterness that consumed her.
分手后，她感到一股深深的怨恨吞噬了她。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.