Word · Frequency #14304
backfired
适得其反；产生反效果
backfired is the past of backfire.
To fail or go wrong in a way that harms the person who started it; to have the opposite effect from what was intended.
- 1.
Of a gun, cannon, Bunsen burner, etc., to fire in the opposite direction, for example due to an obstruction in the barrel.
枪炮、燃烧器等因管道堵塞等原因向相反方向发射。
- 2.
Of a reciprocating engine, to experience a premature ignition of fuel or an ignition of exhaust gases, making a popping sound.
往复式发动机中燃料过早点火或废气点火,发出砰砰声。
- 3.
To fail in a manner that brings down further misfortune.
以带来更多不幸的方式失败。
- 4.
To set a back fire (small, controlled fire to limit spread of a larger fire).
设置反火(小型控制火以限制大火蔓延)。
（发动机）回火，放炮；（枪等）向后发射；逆火；放逆火；迎火焚烧（以阻止大火蔓延）；枪炮、燃烧器等因管道堵塞等原因向相反方向发射。；往复式发动机中燃料过早点火或废气点火,发出砰砰声。
In use
His plan to get promoted by gossiping about his colleague backfired when everyone found out.
The company's aggressive marketing strategy backfired, causing a drop in sales instead of an increase.
I tried to prank my brother, but it backfired when I slipped on the floor myself.
Verb forms
base backfire · third person backfires · -ing backfiring · past backfired · past participle backfired
Connections
Collocations
- plan backfires
- 计划适得其反
- His plan backfired and left him in an even worse position.他的计划适得其反，使他陷入了更糟的境地。
- backfire on someone
- 对某人产生反效果；使某人自食其果
- The trick backfired on the boss when the staff found out.当员工发现真相时，这个伎俩让老板自食其果。
- backfire badly
- 产生严重的反效果
- The company's cost-cutting measures backfired badly.公司的削减成本措施产生了严重的反效果。
- engine backfires
- 发动机回火；引擎放炮
- The old engine backfired loudly as I started the car.我发动汽车时，那台旧发动机发出响亮的回火声。
- gun backfires
- 枪向后发射；炸膛
- The soldier's gun backfired because the barrel was blocked.由于枪管堵塞，那名士兵的枪向后发射了。
Learner notes
Memory Tip
把 back（向后）和 fire（火）连在一起想：火苗或计划反冲回来烧到自己，就是“适得其反/逆火”。
Context & Register
语域：neutral 常见场景：discussing plans or strategies、business or policy decisions、news reports 此义项（计划、行动等产生反效果）通常用于中性语体，正式写作和口语中都很常见；多出现在谈论政策、商业决策或日常计划的结果时。选择“neutral”是因为它不带有明显的正式或随意色彩，主要用于描述某做法未达预期反而带来不好的后果。
Grammar Note
通常用于描述计划、行动等产生事与愿违的结果，后面常接介词on引出受影响的对象。
Pronunciation & Spelling
这些词都以 /aɪə/ 音结尾，与 backfire 的第二音节 fire 的读音押韵：fire、hire、wire、tire、liar、choir。注意：backfire 开头的 back /bæk/ 与 backache /ˈbækeɪk/、backup /ˈbækʌp/ 等 lookalike 发音不同，不押韵。
Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 1，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.