plan backfires
collocation计划适得其反
His plan backfired and left him in an even worse position.
他的计划适得其反，使他陷入了更糟的境地。
（发动机）回火，放炮；（枪等）向后发射；逆火；放逆火；迎火焚烧（以阻止大火蔓延）；枪炮、燃烧器等因管道堵塞等原因向相反方向发射。；往复式发动机中燃料过早点火或废气点火,发出砰砰声。
To fail or go wrong in a way that harms the person who started it; to have the opposite effect from what was intended.
枪炮、燃烧器等因管道堵塞等原因向相反方向发射。
Of a gun, cannon, Bunsen burner, etc., to fire in the opposite direction, for example due to an obstruction in the barrel.
往复式发动机中燃料过早点火或废气点火,发出砰砰声。
Of a reciprocating engine, to experience a premature ignition of fuel or an ignition of exhaust gases, making a popping sound.
以带来更多不幸的方式失败。
To fail in a manner that brings down further misfortune.
设置反火(小型控制火以限制大火蔓延)。
To set a back fire (small, controlled fire to limit spread of a larger fire).
一般现在时
His strategy backfires whenever he tries it.
他的策略每次尝试都会适得其反。
一般过去时
The scheme backfired last week.
这个计划上周失败了。
现在完成时
Their attempt has backfired repeatedly.
他们的尝试一再适得其反。
His plan to get promoted by gossiping about his colleague backfired when everyone found out.
他通过说同事闲话来获得升职的计划，在大家发现后适得其反。
用法提示：动词backfire表示计划产生反效果。
The company's aggressive marketing strategy backfired, causing a drop in sales instead of an increase.
公司激进的营销策略适得其反，导致销售额下降而非上升。
用法提示：动词backfire描述策略导致相反的结果。
I tried to prank my brother, but it backfired when I slipped on the floor myself.
我想捉弄我弟弟，但结果弄巧成拙，我自己滑倒了。
用法提示：动词backfire表示玩笑或恶作剧产生意外后果。
与 backfire 最贴近，但更强调后果回到行为者自身；多用于口语和比喻，可接 on sb（如 His plan boomeranged on him）。
较正式，常以 rebound on/upon sb 出现；backfire 强调与预期相反，rebound 则偏重结果反弹，另需注意 rebound 单独用时还有‘恢复、回升’等常见义。
比 backfire 弱，只表示未达目的，不隐含‘产生更坏后果’；在发动机‘回火’义上可与 backfire 互换，但比喻义中谨慎替换。
这里取“产生反效果，适得其反”之义（即计划或行为本欲达致某结果，反而导致更糟的后果）。反义为“成功”，即达到预期目标。注意：若指发动机回火，则无直接反义词。
同上述“适得其反”义的反义，指方法或计划有效、达到预期效果。
计划适得其反
His plan backfired and left him in an even worse position.
他的计划适得其反，使他陷入了更糟的境地。
对某人产生反效果；使某人自食其果
The trick backfired on the boss when the staff found out.
当员工发现真相时，这个伎俩让老板自食其果。
产生严重的反效果
The company's cost-cutting measures backfired badly.
公司的削减成本措施产生了严重的反效果。
发动机回火；引擎放炮
The old engine backfired loudly as I started the car.
我发动汽车时，那台旧发动机发出响亮的回火声。
枪向后发射；炸膛
The soldier's gun backfired because the barrel was blocked.
由于枪管堵塞，那名士兵的枪向后发射了。
back（向后，返回）+ fire（开火；着火）。同源词：backlash（强烈反对）、backtrack（原路返回）、firework（烟花）、firefly（萤火虫）。
计划是 backfire 最常见的搭配主语，表示某计划产生相反的坏结果。
策略或方案如果设计不当，可能 backfire，即带来反效果。
尝试做某事时如果方法错误，可能 backfire，使情况更糟。
backfire 的结果通常是不好的后果，常与 unintended 连用。
backfire 造成的往往是未预料到的负面结果，即 unintended consequence。
对某人产生反效果
Her criticism of the manager backfired on her when she was passed over for promotion.
她对经理的批评适得其反，结果她没有得到晋升。
适得其反；弄巧成拙
The prank backfired in his face and he ended up looking foolish.
这个恶作剧弄巧成拙，结果他看起来很傻。
权力的运用很像行医。如果你做错了，它可能会适得其反。
Principal Skinner in the Simpsons episode 'The PTA Disbands' (season 6, episode 21), warning that misusing authority can harm the person in power.
出自《辛普森一家》第六季第21集“The PTA Disbands”，斯金纳校长提醒掌权者：滥用权力可能会害到自己。
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Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.