Word · CEFR C2 · Frequency #14308
aberrations
偏离;偏差;反常
aberrations is the plural of aberration.
核心释义
a state or condition markedly different from the norm
- 1.
偏离;偏离真理、道德正直;异常;偏离直线、正确、适当、正常或自然状态
The act of wandering; deviation from truth, moral rectitude; abnormal; divergence from the straight, correct, proper, normal, or from the natural state.
- 2.
明显不同于常态的状态或条件
a state or condition markedly different from the norm
- 3.
光线从同一点发出的光线通过透镜或镜子聚焦到不同焦点,或光线偏离单一焦点;聚焦机制的缺陷,妨碍预期的焦点
The convergence to different foci, by a lens or mirror, of rays of light emanating from one and the same point, or the deviation of such rays from a single focus; a defect in a focusing mechanism that prevents the intended focal point.
- 4.
精神状态的紊乱
a disorder in one's mental state
- 5.
由于光的运动和观察者的运动共同作用,导致恒星和其他天体的表观位置发生小的周期性变化
A small periodical change of the apparent positions of the stars and other heavenly bodies, due to the combined effect of the motion of light and the motion of the observer.
- 6.
镜头或镜子未能产生良好图像的光学现象
an optical phenomenon resulting from the failure of a lens or mirror to produce a good image
- 7.
部分理智的丧失
A partial alienation of reason.
- 8.
在特定环境中不属于已知生物类别的具有超自然能力的生物
Any creature with supernatural powers not found in the organized classes of beings in a given setting.
- 9.
精神障碍,尤其是轻微或暂时性的
A mental disorder, especially one of a minor or temporary character.
- 10.
非典型的发展或结构;偏离正常类型;异常器官
Atypical development or structure; deviation from the normal type; an aberrant organ.
- 11.
组织、器官或心理功能的偏离正常范围
A deviation of a tissue, organ or mental functions from what is considered to be within the normal range.
- 12.
光学或静电透镜系统产生的图像缺陷
A defect in an image produced by an optical or electrostatic lens system.
偏离;偏离真理、道德正直;异常;偏离直线、正确、适当、正常或自然状态;明显不同于常态的状态或条件;光线从同一点发出的光线通过透镜或镜子聚焦到不同焦点,或光线偏离单一焦点;聚焦机制的缺陷,妨碍预期的焦点;精神状态的紊乱;由于光的运动和观察者的运动共同作用,导致恒星和其他天体的表观位置发生小的周期性变化
用法In use
The sudden snowstorm in April was an aberration for this warm region.
用法提示:名词“aberration”表示偏离正常状态的事物。
Her rude reply was an aberration; she is usually very polite.
用法提示:名词“aberration”在这里指与通常行为明显不同的表现。
The scientist checked the equipment again, because the strange reading seemed like an aberration.
用法提示:名词“aberration”表示偏离正常或预期的异常现象。
aberration from + noun
通常指偏离标准或正常状态。
His behavior was an aberration from the norm.
他的行为是对常态的偏离。
adjective + aberration
常用单数,形容词描述类型。
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- statistical aberration
- 统计上的异常;偏离常规的统计数据
- The low sales figures were a statistical aberration, not a trend.销售数字低迷只是统计上的异常,并非趋势。
- chromatic aberration
- 色差;色散引起的成像缺陷
- The lens corrects chromatic aberration so that colors appear sharp.该镜头校正了色差,因此色彩显得清晰。
- spherical aberration
- 球面像差
- Spherical aberration can blur the edges of a telescope image.球面像差会使望远镜图像的边缘模糊。
- genetic aberration
- 基因异常;染色体畸变
- The mutation is a rare genetic aberration found in a single population.这一突变是在单一群体中发现的罕见基因异常。
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
记忆联想:aberration 拼写中含 err(犯错),像钟摆偏离正常轨迹,即“失常、偏差”。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域:formal 常见场景:学术论文、新闻报道、正式演讲 该词为正式书面词,比较常见于学术写作、新闻或正式演讲等语境,日常口语中较少使用;通常表示偏离正常状态或常规的情况。
语法说明Grammar Note
常用单数,指偏离正常状态
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
这些词的重读部分都是 /ˈeɪʃən/,与 aberration 押韵。注意别被拼写误导:ration 读 /ˈræʃən/,aberrant 读 /æbˈɛrənt/,都与 aberration 发音不同。
用法优先级Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 1,建议结合例句记忆,而不是只背中文释义。
一起学习词形Learn the forms together
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, OCTANOVE, WIKTIONARY.