Word · CEFR B1 · Frequency #1624
waste
废弃的；无用的；多余的
Rejected as being defective; eliminated as being worthless; produced in excess.
多指物品或材料因无用、损坏或过剩而被丢弃
- 1.
Barren; desert; empty.
- 2.
Rejected as being defective; eliminated as being worthless; produced in excess.
- 3.
Superfluous; needless.
- 4.
Dismal; gloomy; cheerless.
- 5.
Unfortunate; disappointing.
荒芜的；荒凉的；空旷的；多余的；不必要的；阴郁的；沉闷的；令人沮丧的；不幸的；令人失望的；废弃的
In use
Please sort the waste paper from the plastic before you put it in the bin.
The city collects waste glass and metal every Tuesday morning.
We should reduce waste packaging in our daily shopping.
waste + noun
waste 作为形容词常修饰 land, ground, area 等名词。
They cleared the waste land for farming.
他们清理了荒地用于耕种。
be + waste
be waste 表示处于荒废状态，主语通常为土地或区域。
After the fire, the entire forest is waste.
火灾后，整片森林一片荒芜。
lie waste
lie waste 表示荒芜状态，lie 为系动词。
The fields lie waste, overgrown with weeds.
Connections
Collocations
- waste land
- 荒地；废地
- Nothing grows on this waste land.这片荒地上什么也不长。
- waste ground
- 废弃的空地
- The children played on a piece of waste ground near the factory.孩子们在工厂附近的一片废弃空地上玩耍。
- waste paper
- 废纸
- Please put the waste paper in the recycling bin.请把废纸放进回收箱。
- waste material
- 废料；废品
- The factory recycles its waste material.这家工厂回收利用其废料。
- waste water
- 废水
- The plant treats waste water before releasing it into the river.工厂在将废水排入河流之前对其进行处理。
- waste product
Learner notes
Memory Tip
记忆：waste的本义是“浪费”，被浪费掉的东西即“废弃无用的”；荒地也是一片被浪费的土地，荒凉空旷。
Context & Register
语域：mixed 常见场景：describing land or terrain、technical or industrial descriptions、formal or literary writing 作形容词时，waste 的语域随义项变化：表示“荒芜的/空旷的”（如 waste land）比较常见于文学或正式描写；表示“废弃的/多余的”（如 waste materials）多用于技术、工业等书面场合。日常口语中较少单独用作形容词，通常更常用名词或动词形式。
Grammar Note
常用于固定短语 'lay waste to' 表示彻底破坏；作表语时表示荒芜的。
Pronunciation & Spelling
waste /weɪst/ 与 haste、paste、taste、chaste 都押 /eɪst/ 韵；waist 与 waste 同音但拼写不同。注意 caste 拼写也以 -aste 结尾，但读音为 /kæst/（英式 /kɑːst/），不是同韵。
High-value vocabulary
该词属于 Oxford 核心词汇，值得优先掌握常见搭配和句型。
Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 4，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from DICTIONARY_API_DEV, ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.