1
the spleen
spleen 表示“脾脏”时是可数名词，用“the + 单数”泛指这一类器官。
The spleen helps the body fight infection.
脾脏帮助身体抵抗感染。
脾脏
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
脾脏
a large dark-red oval organ on the left side of the body between the stomach and the diaphragm; produces cells involved in immune responses
The spleen helps the body fight infection.
脾脏帮助身体抵抗感染。
脊椎动物(包括人类)体内一种无管血管腺,位于左上腹近胃处,破坏衰老红细胞,清除血液中的碎屑,充当血液储存库,并产生淋巴细胞。
In vertebrates, including humans, a ductless vascular gland, located in the left upper abdomen near the stomach, which destroys old red blood cells, removes debris from the bloodstream, acts as a reservoir of blood, and produces lymphocytes.
身体左侧胃与横膈膜之间的大型深红色卵圆形器官；产生参与免疫反应的细胞
a large dark-red oval organ on the left side of the body between the stomach and the diaphragm; produces cells involved in immune responses
一阵无节制的大笑或欢乐。
A fit of immoderate laughter or merriment.
怨恨、愤怒的感觉
a feeling of resentful anger
The doctor pointed to the spleen on the X-ray and explained its function.
医生指着X光片上的脾脏，解释了它的功能。
After the fall, he felt pain near his spleen and went to the hospital.
摔倒后，他感到脾脏附近疼痛，便去了医院。
In class, we learned that the spleen is part of the immune system.
课堂上我们学到，脾脏是免疫系统的一部分。
spleen 表示“脾脏”时是可数名词，用“the + 单数”泛指这一类器官。
The spleen helps the body fight infection.
脾脏帮助身体抵抗感染。
vent one's spleen on/against sb 是固定搭配，意为“向某人发泄怒气”；这里的 spleen 为不可数名词，表示怒气、怨气。
She vented her spleen on the waiter.
她把怒气撒在服务员身上。
in a fit of spleen 可整体看作副词性短语，意为“一气之下、突然大发脾气”。
In a fit of spleen, he walked out of the meeting.
他一气之下走出了会议室。
Not this
She is in a bad spleen today.
Use this
She is in a bad temper today.
汉语的“脾气”含有“脾”字，学习者容易直译成 spleen。但英语中 spleen 表示“坏脾气”时只出现在 vent one's spleen、a fit of spleen 等固定搭配里，不用于 in a bad spleen。表“情绪不好”应用 temper 或 mood。
Not this
The surgeon removed both spleen.
Use this
The surgeon removed both spleens.
spleen 是可数名词，指两个或以上脾脏时必须加复数 -s。汉语没有名词复数变化，所以学习者常漏掉复数词尾。both 后要用复数形式。
Focus on the distinctions below. Other candidates are kept compact until a reliable usage note is available.
脾破裂
The scan showed a ruptured spleen after the car accident.
扫描显示车祸后他的脾破裂。
脾肿大
An enlarged spleen can be a sign of infection.
脾肿大可能是感染的征兆。
切除脾脏
Surgeons had to remove the spleen to stop the bleeding.
外科医生不得不切除脾脏以止血。
脾细胞
The researchers isolated spleen cells from the mice.
研究人员从小鼠体内分离出脾细胞。
发泄怒气；大发脾气
He used the meeting to vent his spleen about the new policy.
他利用这次会议发泄对新政策的不满。
脾功能
Doctors checked her spleen function after the infection.
感染后医生检查了她的脾功能。
发泄怒气，出气
He vented his spleen on his colleagues after the meeting.
会后他把怒气都发泄在同事身上。
一阵坏脾气，一阵怒气
She left the room in a fit of spleen.
她气冲冲地离开了房间。
发长 /iː/ 音 (如 see, free)
Use spleen naturally, then get feedback on meaning, tone, grammar, and phrasing.
Revisit a common error or keep this word in your review list.
联想中文的“脾气”：spleen 是脾脏，坏脾气也叫 spleen，一生气脾脏就隐隐作痛。
语域：neutral 常见场景：anatomy class、medical examination、health article 该词指脾脏时多用于医学、解剖或健康相关的语境，属于中性偏正式的医学术语；日常口语中较少单独提及。
All listed words rhyme with spleen: each has the stressed vowel /iː/ followed by /n/. Be careful with lookalikes such as splint /splɪnt/ or splenetic /splɪˈnɛtɪk/, which look similar but sound different.
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.