shirk + noun
名词常为responsibility, duty, obligation等。
He tried to shirk his responsibilities.
他试图逃避他的责任。
逃避;回避;躲避
shirked — past of shirk
骗取;以卑劣手段谋取;逃避,尤指职责、责任等;避开。;逃避义务;回避履行职责,如逃跑。;通过小欺诈和欺骗获取;以卑劣的乞求获得。;溜掉
To avoid or evade a duty, responsibility, or obligation.
逃避,尤指职责、责任等;避开。
To avoid, especially a duty, responsibility, etc.; to stay away from.
逃避义务;回避履行职责,如逃跑。
To evade an obligation; to avoid the performance of duty, as by running away.
通过小欺诈和欺骗获取;以卑劣的乞求获得。
To procure by petty fraud and trickery; to obtain by mean solicitation.
一般现在时
He shirks his responsibilities.
他逃避自己的责任。
一般过去时
Yesterday, she shirked her duties.
昨天,她逃避了她的职责。
现在完成时
They have shirked their work all week.
他们整个星期都在逃避工作。
规则动词,过去式和过去分词加-ed
He always shirks his responsibilities when things get difficult.
当事情变得困难时,他总是逃避责任。
用法提示:动词原形,表示习惯性逃避责任。
She shirked her duty and left early, leaving her teammates to finish the work.
她逃避职责提前离开,让队友们完成剩下的工作。
用法提示:过去式,描述具体的逃避行为。
Stop shirking your fair share of the housework and start helping out!
别再逃避你应分担的家务了,开始帮忙吧!
用法提示:现在分词,用于命令句,强调正在进行的逃避。
名词常为responsibility, duty, obligation等。
He tried to shirk his responsibilities.
他试图逃避他的责任。
from后可接名词或动名词,但不如直接及物常用。
She never shirked from hard work.
她从不逃避艰苦的工作。
动名词作宾语,表示逃避做某事。
Don't shirk doing your homework.
别逃避做作业。
语气较随意,多指借灵活动作或借口避开;可接“职责”“问题”等宾语,但不如 shirk 强调分内之事。
较正式,常含用巧妙或欺骗手段逃脱之意;可接“职责”“税款”“问题”等,比 dodge 更书面。
口语常用,指快速低头或转移以避开,多为临时、迅速的动作;很少用于长期责任。
侧重“顺势避开”某个难题或话题,而不去正面处理;常接“问题”“议题”等。
意义最宽泛,只表示“避开”或“防止”某事发生,不一定涉及责任或义务;若强调逃避分内之事,用 shirk 更准确。
grammar · medium
易错句子He shirked from his responsibilities.
正确表达He shirked his responsibilities.
“shirk”是及物动词,直接接宾语,不需要介词“from”。中文“逃避”常带“从……”结构,但英语中“shirk”不跟from。
grammar · medium
易错句子He is a shirk.
正确表达He is a shirker.
“shirk”作动词,名词形式是“shirker”,表示“逃避责任的人”。不能直接作名词。
grammar · medium
易错句子She shirked to do the work.
正确表达She shirked doing the work.
“shirk”后接动名词(doing),不能接不定式(to do)。表示“逃避做某事”。
针对shirk“逃避(职责/义务)”的义项,指勇敢地面对责任,与回避相反。
指主动接受并承担(责任/义务),与shirk的“逃避义务”相反。
指履行(义务/职责),与shirk“逃避履行”相对。
shrink 和 shirk 发音相近,但意思不同:shrink 指退缩或收缩,shirk 指逃避责任。
逃避责任
He never tries to shirk responsibility for his actions.
他从不为自己的行为逃避责任。
逃避职责
She was accused of shirking her duties as a manager.
她被指责逃避作为经理的职责。
逃避工作;偷懒
Some employees shirk work when the manager is away.
有些员工在经理不在时偷懒。
逃避义务
It is unfair to shirk an obligation you agreed to.
逃避你同意的义务是不公平的。
逃避困难的任务
Don't shirk a difficult task just because it is hard.
不要因为任务困难就逃避它。
shirk 主要指逃避应尽的责任,responsibility 是该动词所指向的核心对象。
与 responsibility 相近,是 shirk 所逃避的具体内容,强调法律或道义上的要求。
常与 shirk 搭配,指工作或岗位中必须履行的职责。
具体的工作或事项,人们可能因懒惰或怯懦而 shirk 任务。
整体概念上的劳动或活计,shirk 通常涉及逃避工作或应做的事。
逃避责任
He was criticized for trying to shirk his duty.
他因试图逃避责任而受到批评。
推卸责任
Don't shirk responsibility for your actions.
不要为你自己的行为推卸责任。
逃避工作;偷懒
She never shirks work, even when others are idle.
她从不逃避工作,即使别人闲着的时候。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.