sth is a sham
作可数名词，指表面正当或真实、实际虚假的事物。
The whole election was a sham.
整场选举就是一场骗局。
骗子；冒充者；欺骗；骗局；假门面；装饰性外罩；装饰枕套；赝品；冒充真品的仿制品。
a fake; an imitation that purports to be genuine; a counterfeit
赝品；冒充真品的仿制品。
A fake; an imitation that purports to be genuine.
假冒的东西；不是表面看起来那样的
something that is a counterfeit; not what it seems to be
欺骗,欺诈。
Trickery, hoaxing.
做出欺骗性伪装的人；骗子
a person who makes deceitful pretenses
假面,或可拆卸的装饰性覆盖物。
A false front, or removable ornamental covering.
枕头的装饰套。
A decorative cover for a pillow.
The designer bag turned out to be a sham, made from cheap materials.
那个名牌包原来是假货，由廉价材料制成。
用法提示：sham 此处作名词，表示假货、赝品。
His apology was a sham because he repeated the same mistake the next day.
他的道歉是装出来的，因为第二天他又犯了同样的错误。
用法提示：sham 表示虚假的事物，指道歉不真诚。
The 'gold' coins they sold online were shams.
他们在网上卖的“金币”都是假货。
用法提示：sham 的复数形式 shams 表示多件假货。
作可数名词，指表面正当或真实、实际虚假的事物。
The whole election was a sham.
整场选举就是一场骗局。
as a sham 用于说明被揭露对象的虚假本质。
The report exposed the company's safety system as a sham.
报告揭露该公司的安全体系不过是个幌子。
fake 最口语、最常见，语义范围最宽；sham 更书面，强调表面的伪饰。
counterfeit 侧重以假乱真的仿冒，常用于钱币、证件或品牌商品；比 sham 更具体。
imitation 仅指仿制，未必有欺骗意图；sham 则隐含“冒充真品”的贬义。
fraud 可指骗局、欺诈或骗子；作“冒牌货”时强调欺骗与非法意图。
forgery 专指伪造文件、货币或艺术品，范围比 sham 窄。
grammar · medium
易错句子Their marriage became sham after only a year.
正确表达Their marriage became a sham after only a year.
sham 表示“假象、骗局”时是可数名词，单数形式作表语前必须加冠词 a/an；汉语没有冠词，容易漏掉。
grammar · medium
易错句子She felt deep sham after lying to her parents.
正确表达She felt deep shame after lying to her parents.
sham 和 shame 形近但意义不同：sham 指“假货、骗局”，不表示“羞耻”；表示“羞耻”必须用不可数名词 shame。
指名词义“赝品；冒充真品的仿制品”的反面，不用于“骗子/骗局”或“装饰性枕套”等义项。
与“赝品”相对，表示真实、非伪造的事物。
强调非复制或仿造的原始物件，与仿冒品相对。
fake 最常用，泛指任何伪造的物品，也可作形容词；sham 更正式，常指刻意欺骗的假象、冒牌货或骗子，并可指装饰性枕套。
counterfeit 多用于钱币、证件、商品等可仿造的物品，带法律或正式色彩；sham 范围更广，可指抽象的假象或虚伪的人，不限于实物。
fraud 常指法律意义上的诈骗行为或行骗者，强调违法与金钱损失；sham 强调虚假、徒有其表，不一定构成犯罪。
装饰性枕套
The bed was made up with matching pillow shams.
床上铺着配套的装饰枕套。
虚假婚姻
They entered a sham marriage to obtain citizenship.
他们为了获得国籍而假结婚。
虚假审判
The dictator staged a sham trial for his opponents.
独裁者对其反对者进行了一场虚假审判。
彻头彻尾的骗局
The whole story turned out to be a complete sham.
整个故事结果是个彻头彻尾的骗局。
虚假交易
The company used sham transactions to hide its losses.
该公司利用虚假交易掩盖亏损。
sham + marriage
pillow + sham
sham + trial
sham + fight
sham（装饰枕套）是套在枕头外的覆盖物。
与sham相似，但pillowcase更朴素，sham偏重装饰。
sham属于床上用品之一，常与床单、被套归为一类。
在卧室套装中，comforter常和pillow sham一起搭配。
另一种装饰性床上用品，常与sham成套出现。
Poochie是个冒牌货！它是个廉价的电视专用冒牌货！
In the classic 'The Simpsons' episode 'The Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show' (1997), Comic Book Guy condemns the new cartoon dog Poochie as an obvious fake.
在经典剧集《辛普森一家》的《Itchy & Scratchy & Poochie Show》（1997）一集中，漫画迷男斥责新卡通狗Poochie明显是个假货。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.