Word · Frequency #20339
scruff
颈背；后颈
the back side of the neck
- 1.
Someone with an untidy appearance.
外表不整洁的人；邋遢的人。
- 2.
The loose skin at the back of the neck of some animals.
某些动物颈后松弛的皮肤。
- 3.
Stubble, facial hair (on males).
短须,男性面部的胡茬。
外表不整洁的人；邋遢的人。；某些动物颈后松弛的皮肤。；短须,男性面部的胡茬。；颈背；后颈
In use
The mother cat carried her kitten by the scruff of its neck.
He grabbed the dog by the scruff to pull it away from the road.
She gently rubbed the scruff of the old cat while it purred.
the scruff of sb's neck
scruff 指人或动物的后颈，常用于 the scruff of the/one's neck 结构。
She scratched the scruff of her neck.
她挠了挠后颈。
take/grab sb/sth by the scruff of the neck
这是固定搭配，动词也可用 hold、carry 等，表示抓住或拎起某人/某动物的后颈。
The zookeeper took the lion cub by the scruff of the neck.
动物园管理员抓住小狮子的后颈。
Common mistakes
He looks scruff.
Connections
Collocations
- the scruff of the neck
- 颈背；后颈
- There was a small cut on the scruff of his neck.他的颈背上有一道小伤口。
- by the scruff of the neck
- （抓住）后颈；拎着颈背
- The mother cat carried her kitten by the scruff of the neck.母猫叼着小猫的后颈。
- grab someone by the scruff of the neck
- 抓住某人的后颈
- She grabbed the puppy by the scruff of the neck.她抓住小狗的后颈。
- pick up someone by the scruff of the neck
- 拎起某人的后颈
- He picked up the rabbit by the scruff of the neck.他抓住兔子的后颈，把它拎了起来。
Idioms & figurative uses
- by the scruff of the neck
- 抓住（某人或动物的）后颈；牢牢控制（某人或某物）
Learner notes
Memory Tip
scruff 是‘颈背’，想象猫妈妈叼住小猫的后颈，小猫就老实了。
Context & Register
语域：mixed 常见场景：日常口语、谈论人或动物的后颈、抓提宠物或小孩时 scruff 通常指人或动物的后颈，尤其常见于 by the scruff of the neck 这一短语中，多用于口语或非正式场合；正式一点可说 the back of the neck。
Grammar Note
常用搭配 the scruff of the neck，指后颈/颈背。
Pronunciation & Spelling
这些词的重读元音和收尾辅音都与 scruff /skrʌf/ 押韵，都读 /ʌf/。cuff、puff、stuff 和 scruff 一样拼作 -uff；rough、tough、enough 虽拼作 -ough，但读音相同。注意不要把所有 -ough 都读成 /ʌf/（如 though /ðoʊ/、through /θruː/），也要避免把 scruff 与 scarf /skɑːrf/ 混淆。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.