impose sanctions on sb/sth
此义为“制裁”，指为确保服从而采取的惩罚措施，常用复数 sanctions；on 引出被制裁的对象。
The government imposed sanctions on the country's oil exports.
政府对该国的石油出口实施了制裁。
批准；认可；许可；（规定批准或处罚的）条款；法令；权威机构的批准,通常使某事有效；旨在确保遵守的惩罚、处罚或某种强制措施,尤其是由多个国家或国际机构采用的；法律、条约或合同,或其中规定上述内容的条款
a penalty, punishment, or coercive measure intended to ensure compliance, especially one adopted by nations or an international body
作“制裁”解时通常用复数形式。
权威机构的批准,通常使某事有效
An approval, by an authority, generally one that makes something valid.
旨在确保遵守的惩罚、处罚或某种强制措施,尤其是由多个国家或国际机构采用的
A penalty, punishment, or some coercive measure, intended to ensure compliance; especially one adopted by several nations, or by an international body.
法律、条约或合同,或其中规定上述内容的条款
A law, treaty, or contract, or a clause within a law, treaty, or contract, specifying any of the above.
The project proceeded only after receiving official sanction from the board.
该项目仅在获得董事会正式批准后才进行。
用法提示：此处sanction作不可数名词，意为'批准'。
Trade sanctions were lifted after the negotiations succeeded.
谈判成功后，贸易制裁被解除。
用法提示：此处sanctions是复数形式，意为'制裁'。
The school imposed a sanction on students who violated the dress code.
学校对违反着装规定的学生进行了处罚。
用法提示：此处sanction作可数名词，意为'处罚'。
此义为“制裁”，指为确保服从而采取的惩罚措施，常用复数 sanctions；on 引出被制裁的对象。
The government imposed sanctions on the country's oil exports.
政府对该国的石油出口实施了制裁。
against 引出受制裁的一方；也可说 lift sanctions on sb/sth。
The two sides agreed to lift sanctions against each other.
双方同意解除对彼此的制裁。
此处用单数，指一项处罚或强制措施，for 引出受罚的原因或行为。
The fine was imposed as a sanction for breaking the rules.
这笔罚款是作为对违反规则的处罚而施加的。
此义为“批准、认可”，常与 of 连用，说明作出批准的一方。
The changes were made with the sanction of the committee.
这些变更是在委员会的批准下做出的。
最通用；sanction 更正式，常指国家、机构层面的处罚，penalty 也可指个人或法律上的具体罚款。
强调对违规行为的惩戒，不如 sanction 正式；在‘制裁、处罚’义上可换，但 punishment 更像对犯罪的惩罚。
较正式，常用复数；与 sanction 的‘强制性处罚’义接近，但更明确表示‘惩罚性’，常用于国际关系或政策。
是制裁的一种具体形式，专指贸易禁令；不能泛指一般的惩罚或处罚，需结合语境使用。
是制裁的方式之一，指联合拒绝购买或参与；不表示抽象的处罚，与 sanction 不能完全互换。
grammar · medium
易错句子The US imposed a sanction on the company last year.
正确表达The US imposed sanctions on the company last year.
表示“制裁”这一含义时，sanction 习惯用复数 sanctions，指一整套制裁措施；用单数 a sanction 会被理解为“一项批准、许可”或某一条处罚条款，意思偏离原意。
grammar · medium
易错句子The UN imposed sanctions to North Korea.
正确表达The UN imposed sanctions on North Korea.
表示“对某国实施制裁”时，impose sanctions 后固定搭配介词 on（也可用 sanctions against），不能用 to；to 是把汉语“对/给”直译过来的误用。
grammar · medium
易错句子The new sanctions was announced yesterday.
正确表达The new sanctions were announced yesterday.
这一含义的 sanctions 只以复数形式出现，属于复数名词，谓语动词要用 were；若按单数处理就会出现主谓不一致。
实施制裁
The UN decided to impose sanctions on the country.
联合国决定对该国实施制裁。
经济制裁
Economic sanctions were lifted after the peace agreement.
和平协议后经济制裁被解除。
解除制裁
The government agreed to lift sanctions in exchange for reforms.
政府同意解除制裁以换取改革。
贸易制裁
Trade sanctions have hurt the local economy.
贸易制裁损害了当地经济。
正式批准
The project requires official sanction from the board.
该项目需要董事会的正式批准。
sanct- (神圣) + -ion (行为、结果)
sanct- (神圣) + -uary (场所)
sanct- (神圣) + -ify (使成为)
sanct- (神圣) + -ity (性质、状态)
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社会约束力
Social sanctions can be as powerful as legal ones.
社会约束力可能和法律制裁一样强大。