Word · Frequency #14222
rust
锈；铁锈
the reddish-brown substance that forms on iron or steel when it reacts with moisture and oxygen; the damaged or corroded state caused by this
- 1.
The deteriorated state of iron or steel as a result of moisture and oxidation; it consists mostly of iron(III) oxide (ferric oxide) and iron(II) oxide (ferrous oxide).
铁或钢因湿气和氧化而劣化的状态,主要成分为三氧化二铁和氧化亚铁。
- 2.
a red or brown oxide coating on iron or steel caused by the action of oxygen and moisture
铁或钢因氧和湿气作用形成的红褐色氧化物涂层
- 3.
A similar substance based on another metal.
其他金属上形成的类似物质。
- 4.
a plant disease that produces a reddish-brown discoloration of leaves and stems; caused by various rust fungi
由多种锈菌引起的植物病害,导致叶片和茎部出现红褐色变色
- 5.
A reddish-brown color.
红褐色。
- 6.
the formation of reddish-brown ferric oxides on iron by low-temperature oxidation in the presence of water
铁在水分存在下低温氧化形成红褐色氧化铁的过程
- 7.
A disease of plants caused by a reddish-brown fungus (Pucciniales).
由锈菌引起的植物病害。
- 8.
Damage caused to stamps and album pages by a fungal infection.
真菌感染对邮票和集邮册页造成的损害。
铁锈色；红褐色；锈病；（其他金属的）锈；氧化层；（邮票等的）霉斑；霉菌损害；铁或钢因湿气和氧化而劣化的状态,主要成分为三氧化二铁和氧化亚铁。
In use
The old gate was covered in rust because it had been left out in the rain for years.
Farmers worry about rust on their wheat crops, as it can reduce the harvest.
He used a wire brush to remove the rust from the metal table before painting it.
rust on [noun]
表示某处有锈迹时，介词用 on。
There is rust on the old gate.
旧大门上有铁锈。
be covered with rust
强调表面几乎完全被锈覆盖。
The abandoned car was covered with rust.
那辆废弃的汽车布满了铁锈。
protect [noun] from rust
from 后接名词 rust，表示防止生锈。
Connections
Collocations
- rust remover
- 除锈剂
- I applied rust remover to the old tools.我在旧工具上涂了除锈剂。
- rust stain
- 铁锈渍
- The rust stain on the bathtub is very stubborn.浴缸上的铁锈渍非常顽固。
- rust prevention
- 防锈
- Regular painting is essential for rust prevention on outdoor railings.定期涂漆对户外栏杆的防锈至关重要。
- rust-resistant
- 防锈的，抗锈的
- These garden chairs are made of rust-resistant metal.这些花园椅由防锈金属制成。
- rust fungus
- 锈菌
- The wheat crop was damaged by rust fungus.小麦作物受到了锈菌的损害。
- surface rust
Learner notes
Memory Tip
看到红褐色的铁锈就联想到 rust；想象一把生锈的旧铁锁，表面布满红褐色斑点，那就是 rust。
Context & Register
语域：neutral 常见场景：谈论铁器或钢材生锈、描写建筑或工具的锈蚀状况、农业或植物学语境中的锈病 该词在日常口语和书面语中都比较常见，没有强烈的语域限制；植物锈病这一义项多用于农业或植物学讨论中。
Grammar Note
作为不可数名词指铁锈；作为可数名词指植物锈病
Pronunciation & Spelling
以上单词都与 rust /rʌst/ 押韵：它们都包含相同的重读元音和尾音 /ʌst/。注意一些拼写相似的词并不押韵：rustle 拼写中含 rust，但读作 /ˈrʌsəl/（t 不发音）；rush /rʌʃ/ 尾音不同；ruse /ruːz/ 元音和尾音都不同。
Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 1，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.