Word · CEFR B1 · Frequency #1993
permanent
烫发；化学烫发
A chemical hair treatment that makes hair curly or straight, with effects lasting for weeks; a perm.
- 1.
A chemical hair treatment imparting or removing curliness, whose effects typically last for a period of weeks; a perm.
一种化学美发处理,使头发卷曲或拉直,效果通常持续数周；烫发。
- 2.
a series of waves in the hair made by applying heat and chemicals
烫发
- 3.
Given an n×n matrix a_ij,, the sum over all permutations π, of ∏i=1na_iπ(i).
给定一个n×n矩阵a_ij,其值为所有排列π下∏i=1n a_iπ(i)之和。
- 4.
A card whose effects persist beyond the turn on which it is played.
一种卡牌,其效果在打出回合之后仍持续存在。
永久物（持续在场的游戏牌）；积和式（一种矩阵运算）；一种化学美发处理,使头发卷曲或拉直,效果通常持续数周；烫发。；烫发；给定一个n×n矩阵a_ij,其值为所有排列π下∏i=1n a_iπ(i)之和。
In use
She decided to get a permanent to add volume to her thin hair.
A permanent usually lasts for several months before the curls grow out.
He surprised his wife with a gift certificate for a permanent at her favorite salon.
Connections
Collocations
- get a permanent
- 烫发
- She went to the salon to get a permanent.她去美发沙龙烫了头发。
- have a permanent
- 烫着头发
- I have a permanent, so I use shampoo for curly hair.我烫了头发，所以用卷发洗发水。
- give someone a permanent
- 给某人烫发
- The hairdresser gave her a permanent that lasted three months.理发师给她烫的发型保持了三个月。
- permanent of a matrix
- 矩阵的积和式
- The permanent of a matrix is defined like the determinant but without negative signs.矩阵的积和式的定义与行列式类似，但没有负号。
- nonland permanent
- 非地永久物
- Destroy all nonland permanents.消灭所有非地永久物。
Synonyms
Learner notes
Memory Tip
permanent 开头的 perm 就是烫发，虽然叫 permanent（永久的），其实烫发效果只能维持几周，记住这个反差就不容易忘。
Context & Register
语域：neutral 常见场景：hairdressing salon、beauty appointment 作名词表示“烫发”时，通常用于美发店或预约美发服务的场景；日常口语中更常说 perm，此用法比较常见于服务性对话而非学术或正式公文。
Pronunciation & Spelling
这些词都以 -nent 结尾，末尾音 /nənt/ 相同，但它们与 permanent 并不真正押韵，因为重读元音不同。尤其注意 prominent、eminent、imminent 拼写很像 permanent，但读音差别明显；pertinent 虽以 /pɝ-/ 开头，但 m 和 t 不同，也不押韵。
High-value vocabulary
该词属于 Oxford 核心词汇，值得优先掌握常见搭配和句型。
Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 3，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from DICTIONARY_API_DEV, ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.