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pathological + [noun]
医学语境中作定语，意为“病理学的”或“由疾病引起的”。
The scan revealed a pathological abnormality.
扫描显示一种病理异常。
病理学的
先理解核心含义，再看它在真实句子里的用法。
病理学的
relating to pathology
The scan revealed a pathological abnormality.
扫描显示一种病理异常。
病理学的。
Pertaining to pathology.
与身体或精神障碍相关或由其引起的。
Relating to, amounting to, or caused by a physical or mental disorder.
违反直觉或难以处理的。
Having properties which are counterintuitive or difficult to handle.
具有导致异常糟糕行为(尤其在正确性或性能方面)的特性。
Having properties that cause unusually bad behaviour, especially regarding correctness or performance.
His pathological fear of spiders makes it hard for him to visit the zoo.
他对蜘蛛病态的恐惧使他很难去动物园。
She is a pathological liar; even small questions get a made-up answer.
她是个病态说谎者，连小问题都会得到编造的答案。
His pathological need for approval led him to work overtime every day.
他对认可的病态需求使他每天都加班。
医学语境中作定语，意为“病理学的”或“由疾病引起的”。
The scan revealed a pathological abnormality.
扫描显示一种病理异常。
非正式用法表示“不理智的、病态的”，常用来形容极端情绪或行为。
His jealousy is pathological.
他的嫉妒是病态的。
表示“过度的、非理性的”，常与fear、dread、hatred等情绪名词搭配。
She has a pathological dread of failure.
她对失败有一种非理性的恐惧。
Not this
Pathological is my favorite subject.
Use this
Pathology is my favorite subject.
pathological 是形容词，意为“病理学的；病态的”，不能用作名词；表示“病理学”这一学科要用名词 pathology。
Not this
These are pathological bacteria causing the infection.
Use this
These are pathogenic bacteria causing the infection.
pathological 意为“病理的；病态的”，而“致病的”是 pathogenic；指引起疾病的细菌应用 pathogenic，不能用 pathological。
Not this
He is pathological jealous.
Use this
He is pathologically jealous.
修饰形容词 jealous 要用副词 pathologically，表示“病态地”；pathological 是形容词，不能修饰另一个形容词。
Focus on the distinctions below. Other candidates are kept compact until a reliable usage note is available.
病态说谎者
The detective realized the suspect was a pathological liar.
侦探意识到这个嫌疑人是个病态说谎者。
病态赌博
Pathological gambling can ruin a person's finances.
病态赌博会毁掉一个人的财务状况。
病理状况
The doctor diagnosed the pathological condition after a series of tests.
医生在系列检查后诊断出了这种病理状况。
病理变化
The biopsy revealed pathological changes in the tissue.
活检显示组织出现了病理变化。
病理检查
A pathological examination confirmed the presence of cancer cells.
病理检查确认了癌细胞的存在。
病态恐惧
She has a pathological fear of spiders.
她对蜘蛛有一种病态的恐惧。
病态说谎者；撒谎成性的人
He's not just an exaggerator; he's a pathological liar.
他不只是爱夸张，他是个撒谎成性的人。
病态恐惧；无端的恐惧
She has a pathological fear of public speaking.
她对公开演讲有一种病态的恐惧。
病态赌博；赌博成瘾
Pathological gambling can ruin a person's finances and relationships.
病态赌博会毁掉一个人的财务和人际关系。
Use pathological naturally, then get feedback on meaning, tone, grammar, and phrasing.
Revisit a common error or keep this word in your review list.
记pathological：path(路径)+logical(逻辑)——生病的路径毫无逻辑，所以是“病理的/病态的”。
语域：mixed 常见场景：医学与学术写作、日常口语（形容极端或非理性行为） 该词在医学和学术语境中通常用作正式词，表示“病理学的”或“由疾病引起的”；在日常口语中则比较常见于表示“不理智的、病态的”，如 a pathological liar。具体含义需根据上下文判断。
这六个词都和 pathological 押韵：重读元音 /ɔ/ 及之后的 /dʒikəl/ 相同。注意 logic /ˈlɔdʒik/ 和 apologetic /əˌpɔləˈdʒɛtik/ 拼写相似但读音不同，不要混淆。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.