nitrate sth
及物动词，后接被硝化的物质。
The lab technician nitrated the aromatic compound.
实验室技术员使该芳香族化合物硝化。
用硝酸（或硝酸盐）处理；使硝化
nitrated — past of nitrate
用硝酸或硝酸盐处理或反应；用硝酸处理以将有机化合物转化为硝酸盐；硝酸盐；[化] 硝酸盐(或酯)
用硝酸或硝酸盐处理或反应
To treat, or react, with nitric acid or a nitrate
用硝酸处理以将有机化合物转化为硝酸盐
treat with nitric acid, so as to change an organic compound into a nitrate
一般现在时
Chemists nitrate organic compounds to study their reactions.
化学家对有机化合物进行硝化处理以研究其反应。
一般过去时
The researcher nitrated the cellulose in the lab yesterday.
研究人员昨天在实验室里对纤维素进行了硝化处理。
现在完成时
The factory has nitrated the wastewater before discharge.
该工厂在排放前已对废水进行了硝化处理。
规则动词：过去式和过去分词为 nitrated，现在分词为 nitrating。
The chemist nitrated the compound in a fume hood.
化学家在通风橱中使该化合物硝化。
用法提示：这里的 nitrated 是动词 nitrate 的过去式，表示用硝酸处理/使硝化。
AI contextual example
This process nitrates the organic material to make it more reactive.
这一过程使有机材料硝化，从而使其更具反应性。
用法提示：这里的 nitrates 是动词 nitrate 的第三人称单数形式，表示使……硝化。
AI contextual example
They are nitrating the waste sample before disposal.
他们正在对废料样本进行硝化处理，然后才处置。
用法提示：这里的 nitrating 是动词 nitrate 的现在分词，表示正在用硝酸处理/使硝化。
AI contextual example
及物动词，后接被硝化的物质。
The lab technician nitrated the aromatic compound.
实验室技术员使该芳香族化合物硝化。
被动语态常见于化学实验描述，强调处理过程。
The cellulose was nitrated to produce nitrocellulose.
纤维素被硝化以生成硝化纤维素。
with后接硝化剂，如硝酸或硝酸盐。
They nitrated the sample with concentrated nitric acid.
他们用浓硝酸使样品硝化。
grammar · medium
易错句子Last year the lab nitrate the water samples with nitric acid.
正确表达Last year the lab nitrated the water samples with nitric acid.
英语动词要靠形态标明过去时；汉语没有时态变化，只靠“去年”这类时间词，所以容易漏掉 -d。改成 nitrated 才与 Last year 一致，表示已完成的动作。
grammar · medium
易错句子This reagent is used for nitrate organic compounds.
正确表达This reagent is used for nitrating organic compounds.
介词 for 后面要用动名词，不能用动词原形。nitrate 在此作 for 的宾语，须变为 nitrating，才能表达“用于硝化……”这一用途。
grammar · medium
易错句子The sample nitrated with nitric acid in the lab.
正确表达The sample was nitrated with nitric acid in the lab.
nitrate 是及物动词，样品是被处理的对象，不能自己发出动作，因此须用被动结构 be + 过去分词：was nitrated。省掉 was 会使句子失去被动含义，语法上不成立。
使纤维素硝化
The plant nitrates cellulose to make nitrocellulose.
这家工厂使纤维素硝化以生产硝化纤维。
硝化剂
Concentrated nitric acid acts as a nitrating agent in this reaction.
在这个反应中，浓硝酸起硝化剂的作用。
硝化混合酸（浓硝酸与浓硫酸的混合物）
The lab prepared a nitrating mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids.
实验室配制了由硝酸和硫酸组成的硝化混合酸。
完全硝化的
Fully nitrated cellulose is extremely unstable.
完全硝化的纤维素极不稳定。
Choose the next layer that will help you use nitrated with more confidence.
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