Word · Frequency #25729
naturalism
自然主义(哲学);自然论
the philosophical view that the world can be understood through science and natural causes, without spiritual or supernatural explanations
- 1.
A state of nature; conformity to nature.
自然状态;符合自然。
- 2.
The doctrine that denies a supernatural agency in the miracles and revelations recorded in religious texts and in spiritual influences.
否认宗教文本所载奇迹、启示及精神影响中存在超自然力量的理论。
- 3.
Any system of philosophy which refers the phenomena of nature as a blind force or forces acting necessarily or according to fixed laws, excluding origination or direction by a will.
将自然现象归因于盲目力量或按固定规律必然作用的力、排除意志创造或引导的哲学体系。
- 4.
A doctrine which denies a strong separation between scientific and philosophic methodologies and/or topics
否认科学与哲学方法论及/或主题之间存在严格区分的主张。
- 5.
A movement in theatre, film, and literature that seeks to replicate a believable everyday reality, as opposed to such movements as romanticism, surrealism, or abstract art, in which subjects may receive highly symbolic or idealistic treatment.
戏剧、电影和文学中的一种运动,力求再现可信的日常现实,区别于对主题作高度象征或理想化处理的浪漫主义、超现实主义或抽象艺术等运动。
- 6.
The belief in natural law.
对自然法则的信仰。
自然主义(文学艺术);写实主义;自然状态;符合自然。;否认宗教文本所载奇迹、启示及精神影响中存在超自然力量的理论。;将自然现象归因于盲目力量或按固定规律必然作用的力、排除意志创造或引导的哲学体系。;否认科学与哲学方法论及/或主题之间存在严格区分的主张。
In use
Naturalism argues that every event has a natural cause, so scientists do not need to invoke miracles.
Many modern biologists accept a form of naturalism when they study the origin of life.
Her philosophy course contrasts naturalism with religious explanations of the universe.
naturalism in [field]
用 in 引出自然主义所涉及的领域,如文学、绘画、戏剧。
Naturalism in literature often describes ordinary people in harsh conditions.
文学中的自然主义常常描写严酷环境中的普通人。
the naturalism of [artist]
用 of 强调某位艺术家或作家作品中的自然主义风格。
The naturalism of the novelist changed how readers saw the working class.
这位小说家的自然主义改变了读者对工人阶级的看法。
Connections
Collocations
- philosophical naturalism
- 哲学自然主义
- Philosophical naturalism holds that everything arises from natural causes.哲学自然主义认为一切事物皆源于自然原因。
- scientific naturalism
- 科学自然主义
- Scientific naturalism rejects supernatural explanations for natural phenomena.科学自然主义拒绝用超自然的解释来说明自然现象。
- literary naturalism
- 文学自然主义
- Literary naturalism portrays human behavior as determined by environment and heredity.文学自然主义将人类行为描绘为由环境和遗传所决定。
- American naturalism
- 美国自然主义
- American naturalism emerged in the late nineteenth century.美国自然主义出现于十九世纪末期。
- French naturalism
- 法国自然主义
- French naturalism is closely associated with the novels of Émile Zola.法国自然主义与埃米尔·左拉的小说密切相关。
Learner notes
Memory Tip
natural(自然)+ ism(主义):一切按自然规律解释,不靠超自然,艺术则写实逼真。
Context & Register
语域:formal 常见场景:哲学讨论、文学与艺术批评 自然主义通常出现在学术或专业语境中,多用于哲学、文学和艺术批评;日常口语中较少直接使用。
Pronunciation & Spelling
这些词都以 -ism 结尾,拼写相似,但重音元音不同,因此与 naturalism /ˈnætʃərəlɪzəm/ 并不完全押韵。特别注意 nationalism /ˈnæʃənəlɪzəm/ 与 naturalism 拼写相近,但中间发音是 /ʃ/ 而非 /tʃ/,且没有 /r/ 音。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.