foul sth (with sth)
foul 作及物动词,可指弄脏、污染,也可指堵塞、阻碍,如 foul the drain(堵塞下水道)。
The factory fouled the river with chemical waste.
那家工厂用化学废料污染了河水。
犯规;对...犯规
弄脏;污染;玷污;击出界外球;打出界外球;堵塞;阻塞;使堵塞;缠住;缠绕;使纠缠;弄脏
To commit a foul, especially by illegally contacting an opponent in a sport.
体育比赛
弄脏
To make dirty.
玷污
To besmirch.
击出界外球
hit a foul ball
阻碍、堵塞或以其他方式干扰(某物),例如通过堵塞(排水管、枪管、烟囱等)或挡住(枪击等)
To obstruct, block, or otherwise interfere with (something), for example by clogging (a drain, gun barrel, chimney, etc) or by being in the way of (a gunshot, etc).
使不纯
make impure
缠绕
To entangle.
做出被裁判认为违反规则的动作,如与对方球员的强烈接触以获得优势
To make make a play, such as a strong contact with an opposing player in order to gain advantage, that is deemed by the referee to have contravened the rules.
犯规
To commit a foul.
击球出界
To hit outside of the baselines.
将球击出界线外
To hit a ball outside of the baselines.
堵塞
To become clogged.
纠缠在一起
To become entangled.
接触或碰撞
To come into contact or collide with.
一般现在时
He fouls often during games.
他比赛中经常犯规。
一般过去时
She fouled the defender yesterday.
她昨天对防守队员犯规。
现在完成时
They have fouled three times.
他们已经犯规三次。
foul 作为动词,意为‘犯规’,规则变化。
The defender fouled the forward during the last minute.
后卫在最后一分钟对前锋犯规。
用法提示:此句中 fouled 是动词过去式,意为在体育比赛中违反规则接触对手。
If you foul another player, the referee will blow the whistle.
如果你对另一名球员犯规,裁判会吹哨。
用法提示:此句中 foul 是动词原形,表示做出犯规动作。
He was penalized for fouling the opposing player.
他因对对方球员犯规而受到处罚。
用法提示:此句中 fouling 是动名词形式,作为介词 for 的宾语,表示犯规行为。
foul 作及物动词,可指弄脏、污染,也可指堵塞、阻碍,如 foul the drain(堵塞下水道)。
The factory fouled the river with chemical waste.
那家工厂用化学废料污染了河水。
体育用语,指对对手犯规;常用被动 be fouled by sb(被某人犯规)。
The defender fouled the striker inside the penalty area.
后卫在禁区内对前锋犯规。
棒球用语,foul off 表示将球击成界外球。
He fouled off the pitch.
他把那个球击出了界外。
多用于环境(空气、水等)被有害物质弄脏;较正式,及物动词。
强调接触、混合后使不纯净或有害,尤指食品、水源等;也可用于抽象事物。
较正式的“弄脏”,也可指名誉等受玷污;日常口语中不如 foul 常见。
强调留下难以去除的污渍,也常用于比喻(如使名誉受损)。
尤指少量有害影响导致变质或道德污点,多用于抽象含义。
grammar · medium
易错句子He fouled on his opponent during the match.
正确表达He fouled his opponent during the match.
foul 作动词表示“对……犯规”时是及物动词,后面直接跟被犯规的人,不能加介词。汉语说“对某人犯规”,学习者容易把“对”直译成 on,于是写出 fouled on his opponent。去掉 on 后意思完整,也符合英语搭配。
grammar · medium
易错句子He fouled by the opposing player in the last minute.
正确表达He was fouled by the opposing player in the last minute.
要表达“他被对方犯规”,必须用被动语态 be + 过去分词(was fouled)。漏掉 was 后句子成了主动句,意思反过来变成“他对别人犯规”。汉语动词没有形式变化,学习者常漏掉被动助动词,而这个助动词恰恰决定了谁犯规。
grammar · medium
易错句子He fouled the rules by pushing his opponent.
正确表达He fouled by pushing his opponent.
foul 表示“犯规”时,宾语是被犯规的对手,也可不及物单独使用,但不能把 rules 当宾语。汉语“犯规”里含“规(则)”,学习者容易直译成 foul the rules;英语中“违反规则”说 break the rules,与“对对手犯规”是两回事。
foul 与 fowl 同音,但 fowl 是名词,指家禽或禽类;foul 作动词表示弄脏、犯规等。拼写和词性不同,不能互换。
foul 指犯规(违反规则的身体接触等),fault 指过错或体育中的失误(如网球发球失误)。在体育语境中,foul 是主动犯规,fault 是技术失误。
污染空气
The factory fumes fouled the air over the town.
工厂的废气污染了城镇上方的空气。
堵塞排水管
Leaves fouled the drain, causing water to back up.
树叶堵塞了排水管,导致水倒流。
对对手犯规
He was sent off for fouling an opponent in the box.
他因在禁区内对对手犯规而被罚下。
缠住螺旋桨
Fishing nets fouled the propeller, stopping the boat.
渔网缠住了螺旋桨,使船停了下来。
noun
adjective
noun phrase
noun
noun
noun
比赛中判定犯规并执行规则的人。
犯规后由裁判判定的惩罚措施。
裁判吹哨示意犯规或暂停比赛。
在足球等运动中,严重犯规会被出示红牌罚下。
篮球中因对方犯规而获得的投篮机会。
搞糟;弄乱
The bad weather fouled up our travel plans.
坏天气打乱了我们的出行计划。
犯罪行为;犯规行为
The police are investigating the possibility of foul play.
警方正在调查是否存在犯罪行为的可能性。
自毁家门;损害自身利益
By lying to his biggest client, he fouled his own nest.
他对最大的客户撒谎,结果损害了自己的利益。
坏鸟才会弄脏自己的窝。
This old English proverb says that someone who harms their own family or community is behaving badly. Here the word 'foul' means 'to make dirty' or 'to besmirch'.
这句古老的英语谚语意思是,一个人伤害自己的家人或社区是恶劣的行为。这里的 foul 意为“弄脏”或“玷污”。
Dictionary facts from AI_FALLBACK, DICTIONARY_API_DEV, ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.