Word · Frequency #24449
empiricism
经验主义；经验论
the theory that knowledge is gained through experience
- 1.
A doctrine which holds that the only or, at least, the most reliable source of human knowledge is experience, especially perception by means of the physical senses. (Often contrasted with rationalism.)
认为人类知识唯一或至少最可靠的来源是经验(尤其是通过感官感知)的学说；(常与理性主义相对)。
- 2.
(philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge derives from experience
(哲学)知识来源于经验的学说
- 3.
A pursuit of knowledge purely through experience, especially by means of observation and sometimes by experimentation.
纯粹通过经验(尤其是通过观察,有时通过实验)追求知识。
- 4.
the application of empirical methods in any art or science
在任何艺术或科学中应用经验方法
- 5.
Research methodology shaped from empirical philosophy (see above), e.g. surveys, statistics, etc.
由经验哲学形成的研究方法论,例如调查、统计等。
- 6.
medical practice and advice based on observation and experience in ignorance of scientific findings
基于观察和经验的医学实践和建议,而忽视科学发现
认为人类知识唯一或至少最可靠的来源是经验(尤其是通过感官感知)的学说；(常与理性主义相对)。；(哲学)知识来源于经验的学说；纯粹通过经验(尤其是通过观察,有时通过实验)追求知识。；在任何艺术或科学中应用经验方法；由经验哲学形成的研究方法论,例如调查、统计等。
In use
The scientist's method was grounded in empiricism, so she trusted only what she could observe directly.
Many philosophers distinguish empiricism from rationalism, as the two take different paths to knowledge.
His commitment to empiricism meant that every conclusion had to be tested against real experience.
empiricism in [field]
表示某个领域中的经验主义，用介词 in。
Empiricism in science relies on observation and experiment.
科学中的经验主义依赖于观察和实验。
the empiricism of [person/school]
用 of 引出经验主义的主张者或流派。
The empiricism of early modern philosophers shaped later scientific thought.
早期现代哲学家的经验主义影响了后来的科学思想。
Connections
Collocations
- British empiricism
- 英国经验主义
- British empiricism holds that knowledge comes from sensory experience.英国经验主义认为知识来自感官经验。
- radical empiricism
- 彻底经验主义
- William James's radical empiricism goes beyond traditional empiricism.威廉·詹姆斯的彻底经验主义超越了传统经验主义。
- logical empiricism
- 逻辑经验主义
- Logical empiricism was influential among twentieth-century philosophers.逻辑经验主义对二十世纪的哲学家影响很大。
- strict empiricism
- 严格经验主义
- Strict empiricism rejects the idea of innate ideas.严格经验主义拒绝天赋观念这一说法。
- critique of empiricism
- 对经验主义的批判
- The later philosopher offered a thorough critique of empiricism.这位后来的哲学家对经验主义进行了彻底的批判。
Learner notes
Memory Tip
经验主义（empiricism）——知识来自经验，不是空想。想象实验室的科学家，数据说话。
Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：哲学教材、学术论文 该词通常用于学术或哲学讨论，属于正式用语；日常口语中较少出现。
Pronunciation & Spelling
这些词都不与 empiricism 押韵。criticism、skepticism、mysticism 拼写都以 -icism 结尾，发音含 /sɪzəm/，但重音与 empiricism 不同；optimism、pessimism、capitalism 只共享类似的 /ɪzəm/ 结尾。注意 -cism 读 /sɪzəm/，不要读成 /kɪzəm/。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.