Word · Frequency #23828
despotism
专制统治；暴政
核心释义
Government by an absolute ruler or ruling group, especially one that rules cruelly or oppressively.
- 1.
专制统治；暴政；独裁
Government by a despot or despots: rule by a singular authority, either a single person or a tight-knit group, which rules with absolute power, especially in a cruel and oppressive way.
- 2.
通过惩罚和暴力威胁进行统治
dominance through threat of punishment and violence
- 3.
一种政府形式,统治者是绝对独裁者(不受宪法、法律或反对派等限制)
a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)
恐怖统治；暴力高压统治；专制统治；暴政；独裁；通过惩罚和暴力威胁进行统治；一种政府形式,统治者是绝对独裁者(不受宪法、法律或反对派等限制)；独裁
用法In use
Despotism often leads to widespread suffering among the people.
用法提示：名词despotism作为主语，表示“独裁统治”的概念。
The citizens rose up to overthrow the despotism of the monarchy.
用法提示：名词despotism作为overthrow的宾语，表示被推翻的专制政体。
Many intellectuals fled the country to escape despotism.
用法提示：名词despotism作为escape的宾语，表示躲避的对象。
despotism of [someone/something]
The despotism of the regime caused widespread suffering.
该政权的独裁统治造成了广泛的苦难。
overthrow/end despotism
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- enlightened despotism
- 开明专制（指18世纪受启蒙思想影响的绝对君主制）
- Some historians describe Frederick the Great as a practitioner of enlightened despotism.一些历史学家将腓特烈大帝描述为开明专制的践行者。
- absolute despotism
- 绝对专制统治
- The revolution was a response to the absolute despotism of the monarchy.这场革命是对君主绝对专制统治的回应。
- oriental despotism
- 东方专制主义（关于亚洲专制政体的理论）
- The book examines the concept of oriental despotism in Western political thought.这本书考察了西方政治思想中的东方专制主义概念。
- despotism of the majority
- 多数人的专制（指民主制度中多数派对少数的压迫）
- Tocqueville warned against the despotism of the majority in a democracy.托克维尔警告过民主制度中多数人的专制。
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
despotism = despot（专制暴君）+ ism（主义），即“暴君主义”→ 专制统治、暴政。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域：formal 常见场景：政治评论、历史论述、学术写作 despotism 是正式用词，多用于政治、历史或学术讨论中；日常口语中较少见，通常可改用 dictatorship 等更常用词。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
按本列表标注的读音，nepotism 和 baptism 与 despotism 同韵（均以重读的 /ˌtɪzəm/ 结尾）。autism 拼写相似，但读 /ˈɔːtɪzəm/，其中 -tism 不重读，因此不押韵；criticism 和 organism 仅共享 -ism 后缀，结尾读音分别为 /sɪzəm/ 和 /nɪzəm/，也与 despotism 不同。
一起学习词形Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.