Word · Frequency #14012
cramps
抽筋；肌肉痉挛
cramps is the plural of cramp.
A painful, involuntary contraction of a muscle; also a similar pain without a noticeable contraction.
- 1.
A painful contraction of a muscle which cannot be controlled; (sometimes) a similar pain even without noticeable contraction.
肌肉无法控制的疼痛性痉挛；(有时)无明显收缩时的类似疼痛。
- 2.
a painful and involuntary muscular contraction
一种痛苦且不自主的肌肉收缩
- 3.
That which confines or contracts.
限制或收缩之物。
- 4.
a clamp for holding pieces of wood together while they are glued
用于在粘合时固定木材的夹具
- 5.
A clamp for carpentry or masonry.
木工或石工用夹具。
- 6.
a strip of metal with ends bent at right angles; used to hold masonry together
两端弯曲成直角的金属条；用于固定砌体
- 7.
A piece of wood having a curve corresponding to that of the upper part of the instep, on which the upper leather of a boot is stretched to give it the requisite shape.
一种弯曲木块,与脚背上部曲线相符,用于拉伸靴帮面皮革以定型。
夹钳；夹具；扒钉；束缚；限制；鞋楦；肌肉无法控制的疼痛性痉挛；(有时)无明显收缩时的类似疼痛。
In use
He got a cramp in his leg while swimming.
She often suffers from menstrual cramps.
I woke up with a cramp in my foot.
have a cramp in [body part]
描述突然的肌肉痉挛。
I have a cramp in my leg.
我腿抽筋了。
get cramps
cramps 常以复数形式表示多次痉挛或腹部绞痛。
She got cramps while swimming.
她游泳时抽筋了。
suffer from cramps
Many women suffer from cramps during menstruation.
许多女性在经期会痛经。
Common mistakes
Connections
Collocations
- muscle cramp
- 肌肉痉挛；肌肉抽筋
- A sudden muscle cramp in his calf made him grimace.他的小腿突然肌肉痉挛，使他做了个鬼脸。
- leg cramps
- 腿抽筋；腿部痉挛
- Long-distance runners sometimes get leg cramps after a race.长跑运动员有时赛后会出现腿部抽筋。
- stomach cramps
- 胃痉挛；肚子痛
- Eating too quickly can give you stomach cramps.吃得太快会引起胃痉挛。
- menstrual cramps
- 痛经；经期痉挛
- She used a hot-water bottle to relieve her menstrual cramps.她用热水袋缓解痛经。
- writer's cramp
- 书写痉挛
- He got writer's cramp from taking notes all day.他因整天记笔记而出现了书写痉挛。
- have a cramp
Learner notes
Memory Tip
cramp 含 cram（塞满），肌肉骤然收紧如被塞满→抽筋；夹钳也是用力夹紧。记住“紧”即可。
Context & Register
语域：mixed 常见场景：日常谈论肌肉抽筋或疼痛、木工、金属加工等专业操作场景 cramp 作名词时有两个常见使用领域：“抽筋”多用于日常生活和医疗描述，语气中性；而“夹具、夹钳”等意思通常出现在木工、金属加工等专业语境中，比较正式。实际使用时语域混合，需根据上下文判断。
Grammar Note
常与in连用表示部位，如a cramp in the leg
Pronunciation & Spelling
这些词都和 cramp 押韵：重读元音/æ/后接/mp/。注意形近但发音不同的词，如 cram (/kræm/，没有/p/) 和 crank (/kræŋk/，以/ŋk/结尾)。
Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 1，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.