Word · Frequency #9048
bum
讨要;蹭
核心释义
to ask for and get something without paying; to sponge off someone
- 1.
懒惰或闲散
be lazy or idle
- 2.
乞讨并获得免费;做寄生虫
ask for and get free; be a parasite
闲荡;无所事事;懒惰或闲散;乞讨并获得免费;做寄生虫;过游民生活;乞讨
用法In use
He bums around the city all day.
用法提示:bums 是动词原形第三人称单数,表示‘游荡’
She bummed a cigarette from a stranger.
用法提示:bummed 是动词过去式,表示‘乞讨’
They were bumming food from tourists.
用法提示:bumming 是动词现在分词,表示‘乞讨’
bum sth (off sb)
口语中常指讨要小东西,如香烟、零钱或搭车;off 后接提供者。
He bummed a cigarette off a stranger.
他向陌生人讨了根烟。
bum off sb
指白吃白拿、依赖他人生活,含贬义;off 后接被依赖的人。
He's been bumming off his parents since he graduated.
毕业后他一直啃老。
相关词与表达Connections
搭配Collocations
- bum around
- 闲荡;无所事事
- They spent the afternoon bumming around the old town.他们一下午都在老城区闲逛。
- bum a cigarette
- 讨根烟抽
- Hey, can I bum a cigarette?嘿,能给我一根烟吗?
- bum a ride
- 搭便车
- Can I bum a ride to the station with you?我能搭你的便车去车站吗?
- bum money off
- 向……要钱;蹭钱
- He always bums money off his friends instead of getting a job.他总向朋友要钱,而不是去找份工作。
- bum off
- 靠……养活;吃白食
学习提示Learner notes
记忆技巧Memory Tip
想象一个流浪汉(bum)整天bum around闲荡,向人讨要或蹭免费的东西——bum的动词义就是懒散闲逛、讨要白拿。
语境与语域Context & Register
语域:informal 常见场景:casual conversation with friends、informal requests for small favors bum 作动词时多用于非正式口语,表示“讨要、蹭”或“闲荡、无所事事”。正式场合通常不用,可换成 ask for、borrow 或 idle 等更正式的说法。
语法说明Grammar Note
既可作及物动词(乞讨某物),也可作不及物动词(流浪、乞讨)。
发音与拼写Pronunciation & Spelling
这些词都以 /ʌm/ 音结尾,与 bum(/bʌm/)押韵。注意拼写相近的 bomb(/bɒm/ 或 /bɑːm/)读音不同,不要混淆。
用法优先级Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 1,建议结合例句记忆,而不是只背中文释义。
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Dictionary facts from DICTIONARY_API_DEV, ECDICT, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.