Word · Frequency #12249
berth
（船、火车、房车上的）铺位；卧铺
a bed or bunk on a ship, train, or caravan
- 1.
Chiefly in wide berth: a sufficient space in the water for a ship or other vessel to lie at anchor or manoeuvre without getting in the way of other vessels, or colliding into rocks or the shore.
主要用于“宽裕停泊”:船只在水中停泊或操作时与其他船只、岩石或岸边保持足够的距离。
- 2.
a job in an organization
组织中的职位
- 3.
An assigned place for a person in (chiefly historical) a horse-drawn coach or other means of transportation, or (military) in a barracks.
(主要是历史上)马车或其他交通工具中分配给某人的位置,或(军事中)在营房中的位置。
- 4.
a place where a craft can be made fast
船只可系泊的地方
- 5.
A bunk or other bed for sleeping on in a caravan, a train, etc.
在房车、火车等中的卧铺或其他睡觉的床。
- 6.
a bed on a ship or train; usually in tiers
船或火车上的床铺,常分多层
- 7.
A place for a vehicle on land to park.
陆地上供车辆停放的位置。
- 8.
An appointment, job, or position, especially one regarded as comfortable or good.
职位、工作或职务,尤其是被认为舒适或好的。
- 9.
Chiefly in wide berth: a sufficient space for manoeuvring or safety.
主要用于“宽裕停泊”:用于操作或安全的足够空间。
- 10.
A position or seed in a tournament bracket.
比赛对阵表中的位置或种子。
- 11.
A position on a field of play.
比赛场地上的位置。
泊位；停泊处；停车位；职位；职务；岗位；安全距离；回避的空间；（分配的）位置；座席；（锦标赛中的）席位；种子位置
In use
She finally secured a berth as a junior editor at a publishing house.
The cargo vessel was assigned a berth at Pier 7.
I prefer a lower berth when traveling by sleeper train.
give sb/sth a wide berth
这个搭配原指船只与其他物体保持安全距离，也可用于比喻，表示避开或远离某人某物。
The captain gave the sandbank a wide berth.
船长与沙洲保持足够的安全距离。
book a berth on [a train/ship]
在火车或轮船等交通工具上，berth 指可供睡觉的铺位。
She booked a berth on the night train to Berlin.
她订了一张去柏林的夜班火车卧铺票。
win a berth in/on [a team/competition]
这里的 berth 指职位或名额，常用于体育比赛或机构中。
Connections
Collocations
- give someone/something a wide berth
- 避开；保持距离
- He gave the dog a wide berth after it growled at him.那条狗对他吠叫后，他远远地避开了它。
- sleeping berth
- 卧铺
- She booked a sleeping berth on the overnight train.她在夜班火车上订了一个卧铺。
- mooring berth
- 系泊泊位
- The ferry moved into its mooring berth at the harbor.渡轮驶入港口的系泊泊位。
- cabinet berth
- 内阁职位
- He was offered a cabinet berth in the new government.他被邀请在新政府中担任内阁职务。
- earn a berth
- 赢得参赛资格
- The team earned a berth in the finals.该队赢得了决赛的参赛资格。
Idioms & figurative uses
Learner notes
Memory Tip
联想：berth 是船靠岸的“泊位”，也是车船上的“铺位”；记住首字母 b 像船头靠岸，就有地方停、有地方睡。
Context & Register
语域：mixed 常见场景：nautical contexts、train/ship travel、workplace discussions 该词作名词时有多个义项，语域随语境变化：‘泊位/停泊处’多用于海事或港务语境，较正式；‘铺位/卧铺’常见于火车、船舶等旅行住宿场景，通常为中性；‘职位’多用于正式或稍显旧式的书面语。固定搭配 wide berth 则比较常见于日常叙述，表示‘避开’。学习时建议根据具体含义选择合适的语域和搭配。
Grammar Note
通常指船上的铺位、泊位或职位，是可数名词。
Pronunciation & Spelling
The words birth, earth, worth, girth, and mirth rhyme with berth: they all contain the same stressed /ɝθ/ sound. Birth is actually a homophone of berth. Watch out for hearth (/hɑrθ/), which looks similar because it ends in -rth but has a different vowel sound.
Usage priority
Collins 词频等级为 1，建议结合例句记忆，而不是只背中文释义。
Learn the forms together
页面下方列出了常见词形变化。学习时注意它们在句子中的语法位置。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY, WORDNET.