absenteeism from [work/school]
from 后接缺勤的场所或机构,表示“从……缺勤”。
Absenteeism from work creates extra pressure for the rest of the team.
旷工会给团队其他人带来额外压力。
旷工;无故缺勤
absenteeisms — plural of absenteeism
缺席状态,尤指频繁或无正当理由的缺席;旷工/旷课行为。;离开自己产业所在国家或地区的行为;地主不在乡间居住的习惯。;经常无故缺席;旷职
the habit of regularly being away from work, especially without a good reason
缺席状态,尤指频繁或无正当理由的缺席;旷工/旷课行为。
The state of being absent, especially frequently or without good reason; the practice of an absentee.
离开自己产业所在国家或地区的行为;地主不在乡间居住的习惯。
The practice of absenting oneself from the country or district where one's estate is situated.
The company introduced a new policy to reduce absenteeism among its staff.
公司推出了一项新政策,以减少员工的旷工现象。
用法提示:此处 absenteeism 为名词,表示“旷工;无故缺勤”,作 reduce 的宾语。
Chronic absenteeism can seriously affect a student's academic performance.
长期旷课会严重影响学生的学业成绩。
用法提示:此处 absenteeism 为名词,指“旷课”,作句子主语。
The manager was concerned about the high rate of absenteeism in the factory last month.
经理对上个月工厂里很高的旷工率感到担忧。
用法提示:此处 absenteeism 为名词,表示“旷工”,用在 rate of 后。
from 后接缺勤的场所或机构,表示“从……缺勤”。
Absenteeism from work creates extra pressure for the rest of the team.
旷工会给团队其他人带来额外压力。
among 后接人群,表示缺勤发生在哪一人群中。
Absenteeism among nurses has become a serious concern.
护士中的缺勤现象已成为一个严重问题。
truancy 仅指学生无故逃学或旷课,不能用于职场;表示员工旷工应用 absenteeism。
nonattendance 是正式用语,只陈述未出席/未到场的事实,不带经常性或主观故意;absenteeism 更强调习惯性且多含批评意味。
absence 泛指任何形式的缺席,不限定原因或频率;absenteeism 特指频繁、无正当理由的缺勤。
skiving 是英式非正式说法,常指学生旷课或员工借故逃避工作,口语色彩强,不适用于正式文本。
grammar · medium
易错句子He is often absenteeism from work.
正确表达He is often absent from work.
absenteeism 是名词,指“旷工的现象或习惯”,不能跟在 be 动词后作表语描述人。表示某人“不在场/缺席”需用形容词 absent,构成 be absent from...。
grammar · medium
易错句子Her absenteeism from class yesterday surprised the teacher.
正确表达Her absence from class yesterday surprised the teacher.
absenteeism 强调“经常性、习惯性的无故缺勤”;若只指昨天这一次具体缺席,应用 absence(名词:缺席)。用 absenteeism 描述单次事件会造成语义不当。
grammar · medium
易错句子The company punished the three chronic absenteeisms.
正确表达The company punished the three chronic absentees.
absenteeism 是抽象名词,表示“旷工行为”,不能指具体的人;指“经常旷工的人”应用可数名词 absentee。
与“旷工/无故缺勤”相对,指按时到岗或到课的行为。
与“缺席”相对,强调在场状态;absenteeism侧重习惯性缺勤,presence更通用。
absence 侧重‘缺席’这一具体状态或事实,不涉及是否经常或有无理由;absenteeism 则指长期反复且常无正当理由的缺勤、旷工、旷课。
truancy 专指学生未经允许逃学或旷课;absenteeism 适用范围更广,可指工人、学生的经常性无故缺勤,不仅限于学校。
absent 是形容词,描述一次性的‘不在场’状态;absenteeism 是名词,指多次缺席构成的习惯性行为。
缺勤率
The absenteeism rate has fallen this year.
今年缺勤率有所下降。
高缺勤率
The factory had high absenteeism during the heatwave.
工厂在热浪期间缺勤率很高。
减少缺勤
Flexible hours helped reduce absenteeism.
弹性工作时间有助于减少缺勤。
长期缺勤
Chronic absenteeism is a serious problem in many schools.
长期缺勤在许多学校是个严重问题。
员工缺勤
Employee absenteeism costs businesses billions each year.
员工缺勤每年给企业造成数十亿的损失。
absent(缺席的)+ -ee(人)→ absentee(缺席者),再 + -ism(状态/行为)→ 经常缺席的行为;同根词:absence, absent;同后缀 -ee:employee, trainee;同后缀 -ism:capitalism, tourism
常因健康原因导致的缺勤,是旷工讨论中的常见诱因。
缺席往往会直接影响个人和团队的工作产出。
旷工问题主要在工作场所管理及纪律相关话题中出现。
旷工的主体是员工,属于人力资源管理的关注对象。
体现员工到岗纪律的行为习惯,与缺勤问题常并提。
Dictionary facts from ECDICT, WIKTIONARY.
学校缺勤
School absenteeism is linked to lower academic performance.
学校缺勤与学业成绩较差有关。